Cho x,y > 0. Chứng minh rằng: \(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}+4\ge3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)\)
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Ta có:
\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}+4\ge3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)^2-2+4-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)^2-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}-1\right)\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+1\right)-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}-1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}-1\right)\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+2\right)\ge0\left(1\right)\)
Đến đây có 2 cách giải quyết
Cách 1:
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-xy+y^2}{xy}\cdot\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{xy}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{x^2y^2}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2\left[\left(x-\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3y^2}{4}\right]}{x^2y^2}\ge0\left(true!!!\right)\)
Cách 2 là đặt ẩn:)
Đặt \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=t\Rightarrow t^2=\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)^2\ge4\cdot\frac{x}{y}\cdot\frac{y}{x}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|t\right|\ge2\)
Khi đó ta có:
\(\left(t+1\right)\left(t-2\right)\ge0\)
Nếu \(t\ge2\Rightarrow t+1>0;t-2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(t+1\right)\left(t-2\right)\ge0\)
Nếu \(t\le-2\Rightarrow t+1< 0;t-2< 0\Rightarrow\left(t+1\right)\left(t-2\right)>0\)
=> đpcm
1111111111111111111
\(VT=\Sigma\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xy}=3+\Sigma\frac{z\left(x+y\right)}{xy}\)
Đến đây để ý \(\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{z\left(x+y\right)}{xy}+\frac{y\left(z+x\right)}{zx}\right]\ge\sqrt{\frac{\left(z+x\right)\left(x+y\right)}{x^2}}\left(\text{AM - GM}\right)\)
Là xong.
\(\frac{4x^2y^2}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}+\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4x^2y^2}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}+\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}-3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4x^4y^4+x^4\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2+y^4\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-3x^2y^2\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{x^2y^2\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^4y^4+x^4\left(x^4+2x^2y^2+y^4\right)+y^4\left(x^4+2x^2y^2+y^4\right)-3x^2y^2\left(x^4+2x^2y^2+y^4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^4y^4+x^8+2x^6y^2+x^4y^4+2x^2y^6+y^8-3x^6y^2-6x^4y^4-3x^2y^6\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^8+y^8-x^6y^2-x^2y^6\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^6\left(x^2-y^2\right)-y^6\left(x^2-y^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2\left(x^4+x^2y^2+y^4\right)\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrow\frac{4x^2y^2}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}+\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}\ge3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
A=\(\left(1+x\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(1+y\right)=x+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+1+y+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+1\)
=\(\left(x+y+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+2\)
mà x2+y2=1
=>2(x2+y2)>(=)(x+y)2
\(\Rightarrow x+y\le\sqrt{2}\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức cô si ta có:
\(\left(x+y+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+2\ge\left(x+y+\frac{4}{x+y}\right)+4\)
\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)+\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{2}{x+y}\right]+4\ge2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}+4=4+3\sqrt{2}\)
\(\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+2+\frac{y^2}{x^2}\right)-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+2\ge0\)
\(\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)^2-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+2\ge0\)
\(\left(t-1\right)\left(t-2\right)\ge0\) với \(t=\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\)
=>\(\left(t-1\right)\left(t-2\right)\ge0\) luôn đúng với t \(\ge2\) dpcm
\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}+4\ge3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^4+y^4+4x^2y^2}{x^2y^2}\ge\frac{3x^3y+3y^3x}{x^2y^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+y^4+4x^2y^2-3x^3y-3xy^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+y^2\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-x^3y-xy^3+2x^2y^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-xy\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm."="\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
Tham khảo ở đây nha bạn!
http://olm.vn/hoi-dap/question/520851.html
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}+2\right)-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)^2-3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}-1\right)\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}-2\right)\ge0\) (Luôn đúng vì \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\forall x;y>0\))