a) cho: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
và a, b, c, d \(\ne\) 0 ; \(2017a-2018b\ne0;2017c-2018d\ne0\)
CMR: \(\dfrac{2017a+2017b}{2017a-2017b}=\dfrac{2017c+2018d}{2017c-2018d}\)
b) cho \(a^2=bc\)
CMR: \(\dfrac{c}{b}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+a^2}\)
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a: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}-1=\dfrac{c}{d}-1\)
hay \(\dfrac{a-b}{b}=\dfrac{c-d}{d}\)
Cho \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) với ( với a, b, c, d khác 0, và c \(\ne\pm d\) ). Chứng minh rằng hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\) ?
d: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{3c^2+5a^2}{3d^2+5b^2}=\dfrac{3\cdot\left(dk\right)^2+5\cdot\left(bk\right)^2}{3d^2+5b^2}=k^2\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{\left(dk\right)^2}{d^2}=k^2\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3c^2+5a^2}{3d^2+5b^2}=\dfrac{c^2}{d^2}\)
a: Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
\(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk-b}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk-d}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)
b: Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
DO đó: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a+3c}{b+3d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\left(b\ne-d;b\ne-3d;b\ne0;d\ne0\right)\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
+, \(\dfrac{a+3c}{b+3d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{a+3c-\left(a+c\right)}{b+3d-\left(b+d\right)}=\dfrac{a+3c-a-c}{b+3d-b-d}=\dfrac{2c}{2d}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
Khi đó: \(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
+, \(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+c-c}{b+d-d}=\dfrac{a}{b}\) (đpcm)
Đặt :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(VT=\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk-b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{c}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk-d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{d}{e}=\dfrac{e}{f}=\dfrac{a+b+c+d+e}{b+c+d+e+f}=k\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{f}=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{d}.\dfrac{d}{e}.\dfrac{e}{f}=k^5=\left(\dfrac{a+b+c+d+e}{b+c+d+e+f}\right)^5\)
Đúng là góc học tập của cậu tràn trề đại số và rất ít hình học.
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c+d}=\dfrac{b}{a+c+d}=\dfrac{c}{a+b+d}=\dfrac{d}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}\dfrac{1}{3}\)(vìa+b+c+d\(\ne\)0)
=>3a=b+c+d: 3b=a+c+d=>3a-3b=b-a
=>3(a-b)=-(a-b)=>4(a-b)=0=>a=b
Tương tự => a=b=c=d=> A=4
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b+c+d}=\dfrac{b}{a+c+d}=\dfrac{c}{a+b+d}=\dfrac{d}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b+c+d}=\dfrac{b}{a+c+d}=\dfrac{a+b}{a+b+2\left(c+d\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+b\right)+2\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a+b\right)=2\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=c+d\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=1\)
Tương tự:\(\dfrac{b+c}{a+d}=1;\dfrac{c+d}{a+b}=1;\dfrac{d+a}{b+c}=1\)
Vậy A=4.
b) Ta có: [tex]\frac{a^{2} + c^{2}}{b^{2} + a^{2}}[/tex]= [tex]\frac{bc + c^{2}}{b^{2} + bc}= \frac{c(b +c)}{b(b + c)}= \frac{c}{b}[/tex] (đpcm)