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a,\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1
b,\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c,\(C_{M_{ddH_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
d,\(C_{M_{ddFeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(a,m_{MgSO_4}=0,1.120=12\left(g\right)\)
\(b,V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(c,m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98.100}{10}=98\left(g\right)\)
a,\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
b,\(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)
c,\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5.100}{3,65}=200\left(g\right)\)
d,\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\)
e,mdd sau pứ = 6,5+200-0,1.2 = 206,3 (g)
\(C\%_{ddZnCl_2}=\dfrac{13,6.100\%}{206,3}=6,59\%\)
\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{208.10\%}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\\ 0,1............0,1..............0,1.............0,2\left(mol\right)\\ b,m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98.100}{8}=122,5\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{kt}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,1.233=23,3\left(g\right)\\ d,m_{ddsau}=208+122,5-23,3=307,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{307,2}.100\approx2,376\%\)
a) PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
b+c)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot98}{30\%}=98\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) PTHH: \(ZnSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow ZnCl_2+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{260\cdot20\%}{208}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,25}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) ZnSO4 còn dư, BaCl2 phản ứng hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=0,25mol=n_{BaSO_4}\\n_{ZnSO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25\cdot136=34\left(g\right)\\m_{BaSO_4}=0,25\cdot233=58,25\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnSO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05\cdot161=8,05\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{Zn}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}+m_{ddBaCl_2}-m_{BaSO_4}=318,65\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{34}{318,65}\cdot100\%\approx10,67\%\\C\%_{ZnSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{8,05}{318,65}\cdot100\%\approx2,53\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) PTHH : \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b) \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2M\)
c) \(n_{H2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H2\left(dkc\right)}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,1 0,15 0,15
b,\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
c,\(C_{M_{ddH_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}=0,3M\)
\(4.a/n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,3 0,1 0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.24,79=7,437l\\ b/C_{\%H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{150}\cdot100=19,6\%\\ c/m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2g\)
\(5.a/n_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1mol\\ MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{200}\cdot100=3,65\%\\ b/C_{\%MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.95}{200+4}\cdot100=4,66\%\\ c/NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\\ n_{NaOH}=n_{HCl}=0,2mol\\ V_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2l=200ml\)
Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 ---> MgSO4 + H2↑
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(lít\right)\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{39,2}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=10\%\)
=> \(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=392\left(g\right)\)
c. Ta có: \(m_{H_2}=0,4.2=0,8\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{dd_{MgSO_4}}=9,6+392-0,8=400,8\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgSO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{MgSO_4}=0,4.120=48\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{MgSO_4}}=\dfrac{48}{400,8}.100\%=11,98\%\)