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a, \(n_{HNO_3}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2HNO_3+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2+2H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{2}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được HNO3 dư.
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HNO_3\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ nHNO3 (dư) = 0,3 - 0,2 = 0,1 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3+0,1}=0,25\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{HNO_3\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3+0,1}=0,25\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,25.0,5=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Na_2CO_3+2HNO_3\rightarrow2NaNO_3+CO_2+H_2O\)
______0,05______0,1_______________0,05 (mol)
⇒ VCO2 = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 (l)
\(Na_2CO_3+Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2\rightarrow2NaNO_3+BaCO_{3\downarrow}\)
0,075________0,075_______________0,075 (mol)
⇒ mBaCO3 = 0,075.197 = 14,775 (g)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a.
\(CaCO_3+2HNO_3\rightarrow Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(C\%_{dd.HNO_3}=\dfrac{0,2.63.100}{200}=6,3\%\)
b.
\(m_{dd.Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=10+200-0,1.44=205,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{dd.Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,1.164.100}{205,6}=7,98\%\)
\(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\\ Mol:0,25\rightarrow0,25\rightarrow0,25\\ C_{MH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,5}=0,5M\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\\ Mol:0,25\leftarrow0,25\\ m_{Mg}=0,25.24=6\left(g\right)\)
nCO2=0,075 mol
CO2 + 2KOH => K2CO3 + H2O
0,075 mol =>0,075 mol
CM dd K2CO3=0,075/0,25=0,3M
2NaOH + CuSO4 → Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
n NaOH = 0,2.5 = 1(mol)
n CuSO4 = 0,1.2 = 0,2(mol)
Ta có :
n NaOH / 2 = 0,5 > n CuSO4 / 1 = 0,2 => NaOH dư
n Cu(OH)2 = n CuSO4 = 0,2 mol
=> m A = 0,2.98 = 19,6 gam
n Na2SO4 = n CuSO4 = 0,2 mol
n NaOH pư = 2n CuSO4 = 0,4(mol)
V dd = 0,2 + 0,1 = 0,3(lít)
Suy ra:
CM Na2SO4 = 0,2/0,3 = 0,67M
CM NaOH = (1 - 0,4)/0,3 = 2M
\(n_{NaOH}=0.2\cdot0.5=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=0.1\cdot2=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(0.1.............0.05...............0.05...........0.05\)
\(m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0.05\cdot98=4.9\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.05}{0.2+0.1}=0.167\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{CuSO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0.2-0.05}{0.1}=1.5\left(M\right)\)
a) \(n_{NaOH}=C_{M,NaOH}\cdot V_{NaOH}=2\cdot0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{C_{M,HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{1,2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(l\right)\)
b) Thể tích dung dịch sau phản ứng là:
\(0,2+\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{8}{15}\left(l\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M,NaOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{\dfrac{8}{15}}=0,75\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{6.72}{56}=0.12\left(mol\right)\)
\(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(0.12..........................0.12\)
\(m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0.12\cdot74=8.88\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0.12}{0.2}=0.6\left(M\right)\)
PTHH: \(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{6,72}{56}=0,12\left(mol\right)=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,12\cdot74=8,88\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,12}{0,2}=0,6\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có lẽ đề cho "thu được KNO3..." chứ bạn nhỉ?
Ta có: nK2SO3 = 0,25.1,2 = 0,3 (mol)
PT: \(K_2SO_3+2HNO_3\rightarrow2KNO_3+SO_2+H_2O\)
_______0,3________________0,6 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{KNO_3}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,25+0,2}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(M\right)\)
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