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9.
\(f\left(x\right)=F'\left(x\right)=3ax^2+2bx+c\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(1\right)=2\\f\left(2\right)=3\\f\left(3\right)=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a.1+2b.1+c=2\\3a.2^2+2b.2+c=3\\3a.3^2+2b.3+c=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+2b+c=2\\12a+4b+c=3\\27a+6b+c=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0\\b=\frac{1}{2}\\c=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow F\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{2}x^2+x+1\)
10.
\(F\left(x\right)=\int\frac{x-2}{x^3}dx=\int\left(\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{2}{x^3}\right)dx=\int\left(x^{-2}-2x^{-3}\right)dx\)
\(=-1.x^{-1}+x^{-2}+C=-\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x^2}+C\)
\(F\left(-1\right)=3\Leftrightarrow1+1+C=3\Rightarrow C=1\)
\(\Rightarrow F\left(x\right)=-\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x^2}+1\)
4.
\(\int\left(x^3-\frac{3}{x^2}+2^x\right)dx=\frac{1}{4}x^4-\frac{3}{x}+\frac{2^x}{ln2}+C\)
5.
\(\int e^{2019x}dx=\frac{1}{2019}\int e^{2019x}d\left(2019x\right)=\frac{1}{2019}e^{2019x}+C\)
6.
\(\int sin2018x.dx=\frac{1}{2018}\int sin2018x.d\left(2018x\right)=-\frac{1}{2018}cos2018x+C\)
7.
\(\int\frac{x^2-x+1}{x-1}dx=\int\left(\frac{x\left(x-1\right)}{x-1}+\frac{1}{x-1}\right)dx=\int\left(x+\frac{1}{x-1}\right)dx=\frac{1}{2}x^2+ln\left|x-1\right|+C\)
8.
\(F\left(x\right)=\int\left(2x+1\right)^3dx=\frac{1}{2}\int\left(2x+1\right)^3d\left(2x+1\right)=\frac{1}{8}\left(2x+1\right)^4+C\)
\(F\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)=4\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{8}\left(2.\frac{1}{2}+1\right)^4+C=4\Rightarrow C=2\)
\(\Rightarrow F\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{8}\left(2x+1\right)^4+2\Rightarrow F\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)=\frac{1}{8}4^4+2=34\)
Câu 1: Xét trên miền [1;4]
Do \(f\left(x\right)\) đồng biến \(\Rightarrow f'\left(x\right)\ge0\)
\(x\left(1+2f\left(x\right)\right)=\left[f'\left(x\right)\right]^2\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\left[f'\left(x\right)\right]^2}{1+2f\left(x\right)}\Leftrightarrow\frac{f'\left(x\right)}{\sqrt{1+2f\left(x\right)}}=\sqrt{x}\)
Lấy nguyên hàm 2 vế:
\(\int\frac{f'\left(x\right)dx}{\sqrt{1+2f\left(x\right)}}=\int\sqrt{x}dx\Leftrightarrow\int\left(1+2f\left(x\right)\right)^{-\frac{1}{2}}d\left(f\left(x\right)\right)=\int x^{\frac{1}{2}}dx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{1+2f\left(x\right)}=\frac{2}{3}x\sqrt{x}+C\)
Do \(f\left(1\right)=\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow\sqrt{1+2.\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{2}{3}.1\sqrt{1}+C\Rightarrow C=\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1+2f\left(x\right)}=\frac{2}{3}x\sqrt{x}+\frac{4}{3}\)
Đến đây có thể bình phương chuyển vế tìm hàm \(f\left(x\right)\) chính xác, nhưng dài, thay luôn \(x=4\) vào ta được:
\(\sqrt{1+2f\left(4\right)}=\frac{2}{3}4.\sqrt{4}+\frac{4}{3}=\frac{20}{3}\Rightarrow f\left(4\right)=\frac{\left(\frac{20}{3}\right)^2-1}{2}=\frac{391}{18}\)
Câu 2:
Diện tích hình phẳng cần tìm là hai miền đối xứng qua Oy nên ta chỉ cần tính trên miền \(x\ge0\)
Hoành độ giao điểm: \(sinx=x-\pi\Rightarrow x=\pi\)
\(S=2\int\limits^{\pi}_0\left(sinx-x+\pi\right)dx=4+\pi^2\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=4\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2a+b^3=9\)
\(f'\left(x\right).f\left(x\right)=x^4+x^2\)
Lấy nguyên hàm 2 vế:
\(\int f\left(x\right).f'\left(x\right)dx=\int\left(x^4+x^2\right)dx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\int f\left(x\right)d\left(f\left(x\right)\right)=\int\left(x^4+x^2\right)dx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{f^2\left(x\right)}{2}=\frac{1}{5}x^5+\frac{1}{3}x^3+C\)
\(\Rightarrow f^2\left(x\right)=\frac{2}{5}x^5+\frac{2}{3}x^3+C\)
\(x=0\Rightarrow f^2\left(0\right)=C\Rightarrow C=4\Rightarrow f^2\left(x\right)=\frac{2}{5}x^5+\frac{2}{3}x^3+4\)
\(\Rightarrow f^2\left(2\right)=\frac{2}{5}.2^5+\frac{2}{3}x^3+4=\frac{332}{15}\)