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a) \(x^3+x^2-x+a=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)+\left(a-2\right)\).
Đa thức trên chia hết cho \(x+2\) khi và chỉ khi a = 2.
b) \(x^3+ax^2+2x+b=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)+\left(a-2\right)x^2+\left(b-1\right)\) chia hết cho \(x^2+x+1\) khi và chỉ khi:
\(\frac{a-2}{1}=\frac{0}{1}=\frac{b-1}{1}\Leftrightarrow a=2;b=1\).
c) Tương tự.
Bài 1.
a)\(\frac{4x-4}{x^2-4x+4}\div\frac{x^2-1}{\left(2-x\right)^2}=\frac{4\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\div\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\frac{4\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\times\frac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{4}{x+1}\)
b) \(\frac{2x+1}{2x^2-x}+\frac{32x^2}{1-4x^2}+\frac{1-2x}{2x^2+x}=\frac{2x+1}{x\left(2x-1\right)}+\frac{-32x^2}{4x^2-1}+\frac{1-2x}{x\left(2x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}+\frac{-32x^3}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}+\frac{\left(1-2x\right)\left(2x-1\right)}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{4x^2+4x+1}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}+\frac{-32x^3}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}+\frac{-4x^2+4x-1}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{4x^2+4x+1-32x^3-4x^2+4x-1}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}=\frac{-32x^3+8x}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-8x\left(4x^2-1\right)}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}=\frac{-8x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}=-8\)
c) \(\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{2x}{1-x^2}\right)\times\frac{x-1}{4x}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{2x}{x^2-1}\right)\times\frac{x-1}{4x}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{2x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right)\times\frac{x-1}{4x}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x-1+x+1+2x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right)\times\frac{x-1}{4x}\)
\(=\frac{4x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\times\frac{x-1}{4x}=\frac{1}{x+1}\)
Bài 3.
N = ( 4x + 3 )2 - 2x( x + 6 ) - 5( x - 2 )( x + 2 )
= 16x2 + 24x + 9 - 2x2 - 12x - 5( x2 - 4 )
= 14x2 + 12x + 9 - 5x2 + 20
= 9x2 + 12x + 29
= 9( x2 + 4/3x + 4/9 ) + 25
= 9( x + 2/3 )2 + 25 ≥ 25 > 0 ∀ x
=> đpcm
c) Cách 1:
x^4+3x^3-x^2+ax+b x^2+2x-3 x^2+x x^4+2x^3-3x^2 - x^3+2x^2+ax+b x^3+2x^2-3x - (a+3)x+b
Để \(P\left(x\right)⋮Q\left(x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+3\right)x+b=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+3=0\\b=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}a=-3\\b=0\end{cases}}\)
Vậy a=-3 và b=0 để \(P\left(x\right)⋮Q\left(x\right)\)
a)
2n^2-n+2 2n+1 n-1 2x^2+n - -2n+2 -2n-1 - 3
Để \(2n^2-n+2⋮2n+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3⋮2n+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2n+1\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n\in\left\{0;1;-2;-1\right\}\)
Vậy \(n\in\left\{0;1;-2;-1\right\}\)để \(2n^2-n+2⋮2n+1\)
6) Ta có
\(A=\frac{x^3}{y+2z}+\frac{y^3}{z+2x}+\frac{z^3}{x+2y}\)
\(=\frac{x^4}{xy+2xz}+\frac{y^4}{yz+2xy}+\frac{z^4}{zx+2yz}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{xy+2xz+yz+2xy+zx+2yz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge\frac{1}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\frac{1}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Thực hiện phép chia đa thức cho đa thức:
\(x^3+ax^2+2x+b=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x+a-1\right)+\left[1-\left(a-1\right)\right]x+b-\left(a-1\right)\)
Để \(x^3+ax^2+2x+b\) chia hết cho đa thức \(x^2+x+1\):
\(\hept{\begin{cases}1-\left(a-1\right)=0\\b-\left(a-1\right)=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}b=1\\a=2\end{cases}}\)
a: \(\Leftrightarrow x^3+2x^2-3x^2-6x+5x+10+a-10⋮x+2\)
=>a-10=0
=>a=10
b: \(\Leftrightarrow x^3+x^2+x+\left(a-1\right)x^2+\left(a-1\right)x+a-1+\left(2-a\right)x+b-a+1⋮x^2+x+1\)
=>2-a=0 và b-a+1=0
=>a=2; b=a-1=2-1=1
\(A\left(x\right)⋮B\left(x\right)\)
=>\(x^3-4x^2+ax+30⋮x-5\)
=>\(x^3-5x^2+x^2-5x+\left(a+5\right)x-5a-25+5a+55⋮x-5\)
=>5a+55=0
=>5a=-55
=>a=-11