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Lời giải:
Đặt $xy=a; x+y=b$ thì theo đề ta có:
$a+b=-1$ và $ab=-12$
Ta cần tính: $A=(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)=b^3-3ab=b^3-3(-12)=b^3+36$
Từ $a+b=-1\Rightarrow a=-b-1$. Thay vào $ab=-12$
$\Rightarrow (-b-1)b=-12$
$\Leftrightarrow (b+1)b=12$
$\Leftrightarrow b^2+b-12=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (b-3)(b+4)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow b=3$ hoặc $b=-4$
Nếu $b=3$ thì $A=3^3+36=63$
Nếu $b=-4$ thì $A=(-4)^3+36=-28$
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Nhận xét :
x2 lớn hơn 0 ( với mọi x dương )
y2 lớn hơn 0 ( với mọi y dương )
Để Amin => \(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\) Min => x2 và y2 max
Nhưng x + y = 2
=> x = y = 1
A min = \(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{1}+\frac{3}{1}=5\)
Vậy A min = 5 <=> x = y = 1
\(A=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{3}{xy}\) và x + y = 2
AM-GM => x + y >= \(2\sqrt{xy}\)
=> \(2\sqrt{xy}\)<= 2
=> xy <= 1
\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\ge\frac{1}{xy}\)
=> A >= 1/xy + 3/xy
=> A >= 4/xy
mà xy <= 1
=> A >= 4/1
=> A>= 4
dấu bằng sảy ra khi x = y = 2/2 = 1
Vậy GTNN của A là 4 khi x = y = 1
mặt hài
Nguyễn Thanh Liêm ukm