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In the United States, it is important to be on time , or punctual , for an appointment , a class, a meeting, etc. However, this may not be true in all countries. An American professor discovered the difference while teaching a class in a Brazilian university. The two-hour class was scheduled to begin at 10 A.M. and end at 12. On the first day , when the professor arrived on time, no one was in the classroom. Many students came after 10:30 A.M. Two students came after 11 A.M. Although all the students greeted the professor as they arrived, few apologized for their lateness.Were these students being rude? He decided to study the students’ behavior.
The professor talked to American and Brazilian students about lateness in both an informal and a formal situation:at a lunch with a friend and in a university class, respectively.He gave them an example and asked them how they would react, If they had a lunch appointment with a friend,the average American student defined lateness as 19 minutes after the agreed time,On the other hand.the average Brazilian student felt the friend was late after 33 minutes.
In an American university, students are expected to arrive at the appointed hour.In contrast, in Brazil,neither the teacher nor the students always arrive at the appointed hour.Classes not only begin at the scheduled time in the United States,but also end at the scheduled time.In the Brazilian class, only a few students left the class at 12:00;many remained past 12:30 to discuss the class and ask more questions.While arriving late may not be very important in Brazil , neither is staying late.
The explanation for these differences is complicated. People from Brazilian and North American cultures have different feelings about lateness. In Brazil, the students believe that a person who usually arrives late is probably more successful than a person who is always on time. In fact , Brazilians expect a person with status or prestige to arrive late, while in the United States lateness is usually disrespectful and unacceptable. Consequently, if a Brazilian is late for an appointment with a North American, the American may misinterpret the reason for the lateness and become angry.
In the United States, it is important to be on time , or punctual , for an appointment , a class, a meeting, etc. However, this may not be true in all countries. An American professor discovered the difference while teaching a class in a Brazilian university. The two-hour class was scheduled to begin at 10 A.M. and end at 12. On the first day , when the professor arrived on time, no one was in the classroom. Many students came after 10:30 A.M. Two students came after 11 A.M. Although all the students greeted the professor as they arrived, few apologized for their lateness.Were these students being rude? He decided to study the students’ behavior.
The professor talked to American and Brazilian students about lateness in both an informal and a formal situation:at a lunch with a friend and in a university class, respectively.He gave them an example and asked them how they would react, If they had a lunch appointment with a friend,the average American student defined lateness as 19 minutes after the agreed time,On the other hand.the average Brazilian student felt the friend was late after 33 minutes.
In an American university, students are expected to arrive at the appointed hour.In contrast, in Brazil,neither the teacher nor the students always arrive at the appointed hour.Classes not only begin at the scheduled time in the United States,but also end at the scheduled time.In the Brazilian class, only a few students left the class at 12:00;many remained past 12:30 to discuss the class and ask more questions.While arriving late may not be very important in Brazil , neither is staying late.
The explanation for these differences is complicated. People from Brazilian and North American cultures have different feelings about lateness. In Brazil, the students believe that a person who usually arrives late is probably more successful than a person who is always on time. In fact , Brazilians expect a person with status or prestige to arrive late, while in the United States lateness is usually disrespectful and unacceptable. Consequently, if a Brazilian is late for an appointment with a North American, the American may misinterpret the reason for the lateness and become angry.
As a result of his study, the professor learned that the Brazilian students were not being disrespectful to him. Instead, they were simply behaving in the appropriate way for a Brazilian student in Brazil. Eventually, the professor was able to adapt his own behavior so that he could feel comfortable in the new culture.
A. True/False Statements:
1. On the first day of class, the professor arrived
late. F
2. All the students in the class were on time.F
3. The professor decided to study the behavior
of Brazilian and American students.T
4. In an American university, it is important to be
on time.T
5. In a Brazilian class, the students leave
immediately after the class is finished.F
6. In an American university, many students probably
leave immediately after the class is finished.T
7. Most North Americans think a person who is late
is disrespectful.T
8. In Brazil, most successful people are expected to
be on time.F
9. As a result of the study, the professor changed
the Brazilian students’ behavior.F
A. True/False Statements:
1. On the first day of class, the professor arrived late. False
2. All the students in the class were on time. False
3. The professor decided to study the behaviour of Brazilian and American students. True
4. In an American university, it is important to be on time. True
5. In a Brazilian class, the students leave
immediately after the class is finished. False
6. In an American university, many students probably leave immediately after the class is finished. True
7. Most North Americans think a person who is late is disrespectful. True
8. In Brazil, most successful people are expected to be on time. False
9. As a result of the study, the professor changed the Brazilian students’ behaviour. False
Exercise 2: Choose the corect answer in the parentheses
1. The weather in the southern states ( gets, get) very hot during the summer.
2. The result of Dr. Noll’s experiment( was,were) published in a scientific journal.
3. Bob and his friends( is,are) coming to the anniversary party tomorrow night.
4. Every man, woman, and child (is,are) protected under the law.
5. Washing the dishes (is, are) the children’ job
6. A lot of the students (is, are) already here.
7. Some of the furniture in our apartment (is, are) secondhand
8. Some of the desks in the classroom (is, are) broken.
9. At least three-quarters of that book on famous Americans (is, are) about people who lived in the 19th century
10. One of the coutries I would like to visit (is, are) Italy.
11. Some of the cities I would like to visit (is, are) Rome and Vience
12. Each student in the class (has, have) to have a book.
13. Each student in the class (has, have) to have a book.
14. None of the students ( was,were) late today.
15. the number of students in this room right now (is, are) twenty.
16. A number of students in the class ( speaks,speak) English well.
17. There (is, are) some interesting pictures in today paper.
18. There (is, are) an incorrect statement in that newspaper article.
19. The United States (is, are) lacated in North America.
20. Economics (is, are) Don’s favourite subjects.
21. Ten minutes (is, are) more than enough time to complete this exercise.
22. Most people (likes,like) to go to the zoo.
23. The police (is, are) coming. I’ve already called them.
24. Japanese (is, are) very difficult for English speakers to learn.
25. the Japanese (has, have) a long and interesting history.
26. The old in my country (is, are) cared for by their children and grandchildren.
27. This exercise on singular- plural agreement of subjects and verbs (is, are) easy.
28. The extent of Jane’s knowledge on various complex subjects ( astounds. Astound: lam kinh ngac) me.
29. The subjects you will be studying in this cource (is, are) listed in the syllabus.
30. Massachutes andConnecticut (is, are) located inNew England.
31. Only the black Widow spider, or all of the spiders in the United States, ( has,have) caused death among human being.
32. The professor and the student ( agree, agrees) on that point.
33. Almost every professor and student at the Universary ( approves, approve) of the choice or Dr.Brown as the new president
34. Each girl and boy in the sixth- grade class( has,have) to do a science project.
35. Getting to know students from all over the world (is, are) one of the best parts of my job.
36. Annie had a hard time when she was coming home from the store because the bag of groceries ( was,were) too heavy for her to carry.
37. where ( do, does) your parents live?
38. Why ( was,were) Susan and Alex late the meeting?
39. (Is, are) having the respondsibility for taking care of pets good for young children?
40. Some of the fruit in this bowl (is, are) rotten
41. Some of the apples in that bowl (is, are) rotten
42. Half of the students in the class (is, are) from Arabic- speaking countries.
43. Half of this money ( belong, belongs) to you.
44. A lot of students in the class (is, are) from Southeast Asia.
45. A lot of clothing in those stores (is, are) on sale this week.
46. One of my best friends (is, are) coming to visit me next week.
47. Each boy in this class ( has,have) his own notebook.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A , B , C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks .
One of the most important discoveries of the nineteenth century was a method of using natural gas for Cooking and Heating . Large (23)_______natural gas found in the United States , usually several thousand feet below : the surface of (24) _______Earth . For many years after natural gas first discovered , it was thought to have no value . Finally , ( 25 ) ________,people began to understand its uses and to find ways of storing it and of moving it from place to place .
Today ( 26 )_______ gas is stored in large tanks and used for lighting Cooking , and heating . In many ways , natural gas is one of our finest fuels . It is cheap and can be used for ( 27 )_______ without making the room hot . It can be moved easily from one place to another through long pipelines , some of which are hundreds of miles in length .
23 . A . areas B . amounts C . piles D . packs
24 . A . one B . a C . anh D . the
25 . A . however B . therefore C . so D . but
26 . A . nature B . natural C . naturally D . naturalize
27 . A . Cook B . Cooker C cooking D , Cooked
TOPIC 4: WORD FORM-PARTS OF SPEECH-.TỪ LOAI
Supply the correct word form:
1/Most of films are produced for.....ENTERTAINMENT.......(entertain)
2. She was really.......IMPRESSED.........by the beauty of Ha Noi capital (impress).
3. She made a deep....IMPRESSION........on the members of her class (impress)
4. Their..........FRIENDSHIP...... made me happy. (friendly)
5. Many.........VISITORS........ come to HCM's Mausoleum everyday ( visit )
6. We enjoyed the.....PEACEFUL...........atmosphere in Ha Noi (peace)
7. Ha Noi is not.......DIFFERENT............from Kuala Lumpur (difference)
8. The girls went to see.......FAMOUS......... places in HCM City (fame).
9. The...........NATIONAL.........language in Malaysia is Bahasa Malaysia (nation).
10. In Malaysia,.....EDUCATION...........is free (educate).
11. What is the main language of .....INSTRUCTION..........at that school ? (instruct).
12. The old man walked........SLOWLY........... to the park (slow).
13. Don't forget to drive...........CAREFULLY.....(care).
14. That's ..........WONDERFUL........ ! I'm pleased that you work very hard. (wonder)
15. He is one of the most famous........ENVIRONMENTALISTS.............in the world. (environment)
16. If we go on littering, the environment will become.......SERIOUSLY......... polluted. (serious)
17. I think I'll take your......ADVICE.. .... . .. and get the green dress.(advise)
18. There are nine planets in the ......SOLAR..........system. (sun).
19. The new laws will become.....EFFECTIVE.........next month. (effect)
20. I felt such a sense of.........FREEDOM....., up in hills alone. (free)
21. It wasn't very.......CONSIDERATION.........of you to drink all the milk (consider)
22. I was so......PROUD........ that my son had been chosen for the national team. (pride)
23. He is going to.....COLLECT.........all the bags. (collection)
the..
24. If the.....POLLUTION..........continues, what will happen? ( pollute)
25. I strongly.........DISAGREED.......with the director's decision. I think it is unfair ( agree )
26. Floods and earthquakes are.......NATURAL........disasters (nature).
27. Leonardo made many scientific.......DISCOVEIES........ (discover)
28. The........MAJORITY.........of the employees have university degrees (major).
29. Da Nang will be.....CLOUDY........with windy showers (cloud).
30. These hills were formed by..........VOCANIC.......eruptions (volcano)
31. Such a war would be...........DISASTROUS........for the country (disaster).
32. The little boy look......HEALTHY........nough ( health)
33. The story about UFOs caught the........imagination......... .of the whole class (imagine)
34. He is a famous.........SCIENTIST........(science).
35. He has manyprojects (science).
36. They.........INVITED.........me to their family to Hue last year (invitation)
37. It was an..............ENJOYABLE.......day (enjoy)
38. She sings very........BEAUTIFULLY.............(beautiful)
39. The accident happens because of driving.......CARELESSLY........... (care)
40. You should..........RELAX.........for an hour (relaxation)
II. Supply the correct word form:
1. There is a.........PARKING...........lot near my house (park)
2. Some young people today have a very strange.......APPEARANCE.........(appear)
3. Her clothes look very modern and.......FASHIONABLE........... ( fashion )
4. Many designers took......INSPIRATION.............from Viet Nam's ethnic minorities (inspire )
5. What a.........COLORFUL....... T- shirt ! ( color )
6. ............TRADITIONALY........ , the Ao dai was frequently worn by both men and women. (tradition)
7. What is your...........FAVORITE.......type of clothing? (favor)
8. He is a very famous........MUSICIAN..............(music)
9. The......SALE...............of jeans stopped growing. (sell)
10. I don't like wearing a...................sweater. (sleeve)
11. She likes to wear.......FADED..............Jean cloth. (fade)
12. In the 18th century, Jean cloth was made....COMPLETELY........
from cotton. (complete)
13. They have just ..........INTRODUCED.............a new style of jeans in the USA (introduction)
14. Some designers have......MODERNIZED.......... the Ao dai by printing lines of poetry on it ( modern )
15. They had an ........ENJOYABLE...........day by the river. ( enjoy )
16. It is an............INTERESTIING....program. (interest)
17. This book is........USEFUL...........It provides me with a lot of valuable information. ( use )
18. He has a fine stamp..........COLLECTION...... (collect)
19. It was an ........ENJOYABLE.............. day. ( enjoy )
20. She sings very..........BEAUTIFULLT........(beautiful)
21. The accident happens because of driving CARELESSLY
22. He has a fine stamp......COLLECTION......(collect)
23. It is an........INTERESTING...........journey. (interest)
24. Ba has a largeo foreign stamps.............COLLECTION.......... (collect)
25. You should..........RELAX............for an hour. (relaxation)
26. There is a .........PARKING...........lot near my house. (park)
27. We saw ........BEAUTIFUL........... girls there. (beauty)
28. Thay had an .........ENJOYABLE......... day by the river. ( enjoy )
29. It is an ........INTERESTING........... program. ( interest )
30. We felt........INTERESTED...........in the show. (interest)
31. I'm very.........WORRIED.........because they use electricity to catch fish (worry).
32. The........CONSERVATIONISTS...........are cleaning the beach. (conserve)
33. We must do something to stop ......DEFORESTATION.......... ( forest )
34. We should preserve our.........NATURAL.......resources. ( nature)
III. Supply the correct word form;
1/. I am having a.........WONDERFUL..........time here.(wonder)
2/. Maryam was really impressed by the.......FRIENDLINESS............of its people. (friend)
3/. Bahasa Malaysia is also known.......SIMPLY.........as Malay. (simple)
4/. Islam is the country's.....OFFICIAL...........religion. (office )
5/. Maryam was very.........INTERESTED............in the beauty of the city. ( interest)
6/. She was impressed because Ha Noi people were.........FRIENDLY........... (friend)
7/. The girls visited many........BEAUTIFUL...........parks and lakes in Ha Noi. (beauty)
8/. It seems very.........DIFFICULT...........for me to have a trip abroad. (difficulty)
9/. Liverpool is an......INDUSTRIAL.............city, north of England. (industry)
10/. English, Chinese and Tamil are also........WIDELY........spoken. (wide)
11/. Which of these is your fa
vorite........ACTIVITIES...........in your free time? ( action)
12/. The Kien Thuc Ngay Nay is.......WIDELY...........read by both teenagers and adults.( wide)
(complete)
luction).
13/. Thanks to TV, people can enjoy programs in.......CONVENIENT.........
way. (convenience)
14/. Viewers can watch a..........VARIETY...........of local and international programs. (various)
15/. The next stage in the........DEVELOPMENT.............of television is interactive TV. ( develop)
16/. I think the news is very.......INFORMATIVE...........(information )
17/. The Internet has.......INCREASINGLY...........developed and become part of our everyday life. (increase)
18/. Do you find the Internet..........USEFUL........ ? ( use )
19/. For me, the Internet is a wonderful.......INVENTION.......of modern life. ( invent)
20/ The Internet is a means of..........EDUCATION..........(educate)
21/. The journey to the village is very..........INTERESTING......... (interest)
(care)
22/. We........HURRIEDLY.............. gathered our things and ran to the bus stop. (hurry)
23/. We were.......LUCKY......... to catch the last bus. (luck)
24/. There is a big old banyan tree at the.........ENTRANCE..........to the village. (enter)
25/. Everyone felt.......TIRED.........after the long journey. (tire)
26/. In the 18th century jean cloth was made......COMPLETELY....... from cotton. ( complete )
27/. The worldwide.......ECONOMIC.............situation got worse in the 1990s. ( economy)
28/. Wearing casual clothes makes students feel...COMFORTABLE............
from cotton. (complete )
29/. Wearing casual clothes gives students.........FREEDOM..........of choice. (free)
30/. The ao dai is the......TRADITIONAL.........dress of Vietnamese women. (tradition)
TOPIC 4: WORD FORM-PARTS OF SPEECH-.TỪ LOAI
Supply the correct word form:
1/Most of films are produced for.....ENTERTAINMENT.......(entertain)
2. She was really........IMPRESSED........by the beauty of Ha Noi capital (impress).
3. She made a deep......IMPRESSION......on the members of her class (impress)
4. Their........FRIENDLINESS........ made me happy. (friendly)
5. Many..........VISITORS....... come to HCM's Mausoleum everyday ( visit )
6. We enjoyed the.......PEACEFUL.........atmosphere in Ha Noi (peace)
7. Ha Noi is not..........DIFFERENT.........from Kuala Lumpur (difference)
8. The girls went to see.......FAMOUS......... places in HCM City (fame).
9. The...........INTERNATIONAL.........language in Malaysia is Bahasa Malaysia (nation).
10. In Malaysia,........EDUCATION........is free (educate).
11. What is the main language of ........INSTRUCTION.......at that school ? (instruct).
12. The old man walked..........SLOWLY......... to the park (slow).
13. Don't forget to drive........CAREFULLY........(care).
14. That's .........WONDERFUL......... ! I'm pleased that you work very hard. (wonder)
15. He is one of the most famous...........ENVIRONMENTALISTS..........in the world. (environment)
16. If we go on littering, the environment will become........SERIOUSLY........ polluted. (serious)
17. I think I'll take your........ADVICE .... . .. and get the green dress.(advise)
18. There are nine planets in the ........SOLAR........system. (sun).
19. The new laws will become.......EFFECTIVE.......next month. (effect)
20. I felt such a sense of........FREEDOM......, up in hills alone. (free)
21. It wasn't very........CONSIDERABLE........of you to drink all the milk (consider)
22. I was so......PROUD........ that my son had been chosen for the national team. (pride)
23. He is going to......COLLECT........all the bags. (collection)
the..
24. If the.......POLLUTION........continues, what will happen? ( pollute)
25. I strongly........DISAGREE........with the director's decision. I think it is unfair ( agree )
26. Floods and earthquakes are.......NATURAL........disasters (nature).
27. Leonardo made many scientific........DISCOVERY....... (discover)
28. The.........MAJORITY........of the employees have university degrees (major).
29. Da Nang will be.......CLOUDY......with windy showers (cloud).
30. These hills were formed by........VOLCANIC.........eruptions (volcano)
31. Such a war would be...........DISASTROUS........for the country (disaster).
32. The little boy look.......HEALTHY.......nough ( health)
33. The story about UFOs caught the.........IMAGINATION........ .of the whole class (imagine)
34. He is a famous.........SCIENTIST........(science).
35. He has manyprojects (science).
36. They..........INVITE........me to their family to Hue last year (invitation)
37. It was an...........ENJOYABLE..........day (enjoy)
38. She sings very...........BEAUTIFULLY..........(beautiful)
39. The accident happens because of driving.........CARELESSLY......... (care)
40. You should...........RELAX........for an hour (relaxation)
II. Supply the correct word form:
1. There is a...........PARKING.........lot near my house (park)
2. Some young people today have a very strange.......APPEARANCE.........(appear)
3. Her clothes look very modern and........FASHIONABLE.......... ( fashion )
4. Many designers took.........INSPIRATION..........from Viet Nam's ethnic minorities (inspire )
5. What a........COLORFUL........ T- shirt ! ( color )
6. ...........TRADITIONALLY......... , the Ao dai was frequently worn by both men and women. (tradition)
7. What is your........FAVORITE..........type of clothing? (favor)
8. He is a very famous...........MUSICIAN............(music)
9. The..........SELLER...........of jeans stopped growing. (sell)
10. I don't like wearing a...........SLEEVELESS........sweater. (sleeve)
11. She likes to wear..........FADED...........Jean cloth. (fade)
12. In the 18th century, Jean cloth was made......COMPLETELY......
from cotton. (complete)
13. They have just ...........INTRODUCED............a new style of jeans in the USA (introduction)
14. Some designers have........MODERNIZED........ the Ao dai by printing lines of poetry on it ( modern )
15. They had an .........ENJOYABLE..........day by the river. ( enjoy )
16. It is an..........INTERESTING......program. (interest)
17. This book is........USEFUL...........It provides me with a lot of valuable information. ( use )
18. He has a fine stamp........COLLECTION........ (collect)
19. It was an ..........ENJOYABLE............ day. ( enjoy )
20. She sings very........BEAUTIFULLY..........(beautiful)
21. The accident happens because of driving
22. He has a fine stamp......COLLECTION......(collect)
23. It is an.......INTERESTING............journey. (interest)
24. Ba has a largeo foreign stamps...........COLLECTION............ (collect)
25. You should...........RELAX...........for an hour. (relaxation)
26. There is a ..........PARKING..........lot near my house. (park)
27. We saw ...........BEAUTIFUL........ girls there. (beauty)
28. Thay had an ..........ENJOYABLE........ day by the river. ( enjoy )
29. It is an ........INTERESTING........... program. ( interest )
30. We felt........INTERESTED...........in the show. (interest)
31. I'm very.........WORRIED.........because they use electricity to catch fish (worry).
32. The........CONSERVATION...........are cleaning the beach. (conserve)
33. We must do something to stop .........DEFORESTING....... ( forest )
34. We should preserve our.......NATURAL.........resources. ( nature)
III. Supply the correct word form;
1/. I am having a.........WONDERFUL..........time here.(wonder)
2/. Maryam was really impressed by the.........FRIENDLINESS..........of its people. (friend)
3/. Bahasa Malaysia is also known.....SIMPLY...........as Malay. (simple)
4/. Islam is the country's.........OFFICIAL.......religion. (office )
5/. Maryam was very.............INTERESTED........in the beauty of the city. ( interest)
6/. She was impressed because Ha Noi people were.............FRIENDLY....... (friend)
7/. The girls visited many........BEAUTIFUL...........parks and lakes in Ha Noi. (beauty)
8/. It seems very..........DIFFICULT..........for me to have a trip abroad. (difficulty)
9/. Liverpool is an........INDUSTRIAL...........city, north of England. (industry)
10/. English, Chinese and Tamil are also......WIDELY..........spoken. (wide)
11/. Which of these is your fa
vorite.........ACTIVITY..........in your free time? ( action)
12/. The Kien Thuc Ngay Nay is........WIDELY..........read by both teenagers and adults.( wide)
(complete)
luction).
13/. Thanks to TV, people can enjoy programs in........CONVENIENT........
way. (convenience)
14/. Viewers can watch a..........VARIETY...........of local and international programs. (various)
15/. The next stage in the........DEVELOPMENT.............of television is interactive TV. ( develop)
16/. I think the news is very........INFORMATIVE..........(information )
17/. The Internet has.......INCREASINGLY...........developed and become part of our everyday life. (increase)
18/. Do you find the Internet.......USEFUL........... ? ( use )
19/. For me, the Internet is a wonderful.......INVENTION.......of modern life. ( invent)
20/ The Internet is a means of........EDUCATION............(educate)
21/. The journey to the village is very.........INTERESTING.......... (interest)
(care)
22/. We..........HURRIEDLY............ gathered our things and ran to the bus stop. (hurry)
23/. We were........LUCKY........ to catch the last bus. (luck)
24/. There is a big old banyan tree at the.........ENTRANCE..........to the village. (enter)
25/. Everyone felt........TIRED........after the long journey. (tire)
26/. In the 18th century jean cloth was made.......COMPLETELY...... from cotton. ( complete )
27/. The worldwide.........ECONOMIC...........situation got worse in the 1990s. ( economy)
28/. Wearing casual clothes makes students feel.......COMPLETELY........
from cotton. (complete )
29/. Wearing casual clothes gives students...........FREEDOM........of choice. (free)
30/. The ao dai is the.........TRADITIONAL......dress of Vietnamese women. (tradition)
Fill in the blanks with corect prepositions
7. The sensation or thirst is based ……on………….. the concentration of salt in the blood.
8. The size of an atom depends …………on……………….. the method used to measure it.
9. Interest ………in……….. railroads spread from England to the United States in 1814.
10. Demand ……………for…………. American farm produce rose sharply in the 1970’s
11.She was busy....with.... a variety of articles to the customers.
7. on
( base on : dựa trên)
8. on
( depend on = rely on = fall back on : dựa vào )
9. in
( interest in )
10. for
( demand for sth: nhu cầu về cái gì đó )
11. with
( busy with s.th : bận rộn vs cái gì )