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\(KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\ 2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\\ m_{giảm}=\dfrac{1}{4}m_A\\ Đặt:x=n_{KMnO_4};y=n_{KClO_3}\left(x,y>0\right)\\ m_{O_2}=m_{giảm}=\dfrac{1}{4}m_A=\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(158x+122,5y\right)\\ Mặt.khác:m_{O_2}=32x+\dfrac{245}{3}y\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{158x+122,5y}{4}=\dfrac{96x+245y}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow90x=612,5y\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{612,5}{90}=\dfrac{245}{36}\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{\dfrac{KClO_3}{hhA}}=\dfrac{36.122,5}{36.122,5+245.158}.100\approx10,227\%\)
- Gọi số mol KClO3 và KMnO4 bị nhiệt phân là x, y mol ( x,y > 0 )
\(2KClO_3\rightarrow2KCl+3O_2\)
...x.............................1,5x.............
\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
.....y.................................................0,5y.....
Ta có : \(m_{hh}=m_{KClO3}+m_{KMnO4}=122,5x+158y=546,8\)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{O2}=1,5x+0,5y=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=4,4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2,4\\y=1,6\end{matrix}\right.\) mol
\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO3}=n.M=294g\left(53,8\%\right)\)
=> %KMnO4 = 46,2%
Gọi \(n_{CaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\) và \(n_{MaCO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}CaO+CO_2\)
\(MgCO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+CO_2\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=100a+84b=18,4\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,8}{44}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow a+b=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=10g;m_{MgCO_3}=8,4g\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{100\%.10}{18,4}\approx54\%;\%m_{MgCO_3}=100\%-54\%=46\%\)
a) 2KClO3------> 2KCl+ 3O2
công thức tính khối lượng:
m KClo3= m KCl+ m O2
b) m KCLo3= 14,9+9,6=24,5g
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,075<-------------------------0,075
Cu không phản ứng với H2SO4 loãng
b, \(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,8}{8}.100\%=22,5\%\\\%m_{Cu}=100\%-22,5\%=77,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
0,075 0,075
\(Cu+H_2SO_4-x->\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=8-1,6=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{8}.100\%=80\%\\
\%m_{Mg}=100-80\%=20\%\)
Gọi số mol KMnO4, KClO3 là a, b
=> 158a + 122,5b = 49,975
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
_______a----------------------------------->a
2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
_b---------------------->1,5b
mO2 = mgiảm = 10,4
=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{10,4}{32}=0,325\left(mol\right)\)
=> 0,5a + 1,5b = 0,325
=> a = 0,2; b = 0,15
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%KMnO_4=\dfrac{0,2.158}{49,975}.100\%=63,23\%\\\%KClO_3=\dfrac{0,15.122,5}{49,975}.100\%=36,77\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi số mol KMnO4, KClO3 là a, b
=> 158a + 122,5b = 49,975
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
mO2 = mgiảm = 10,4
=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{10,4}{32}=0,325\left(mol\right)\)
=> 0,5a + 1,5b = 0,325
=> a = 0,2; b = 0,15
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%KMnO_4=\dfrac{0,2.158}{49,975}.100\%=63,23\%\\\%KClO_3=\dfrac{0,15.122,5}{49,975}.100\%=36,77\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Đặt:n_{hh}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NO_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{NO}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=1\left(1\right)\)
\(\overline{M}=\dfrac{46a+30b}{a+b}=18.2\cdot2=36.4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow46a+30b=36.4\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.4,b=0.6\)
Tới đây tự tính tiếp nhé !!
Ta có: \(\overline{M}_{hh}=18,2\cdot2=36,4\left(đvC\right)\)
Theo sơ đồ đường chéo: \(\dfrac{n_{NO_2}}{n_{NO}}=\dfrac{6,4}{9,6}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{NO_2}=\dfrac{2}{5}\cdot100\%=40\%\\\%V_{NO}=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giả sử \(n_{NO_2}=2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{NO}=3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{NO_2}=\dfrac{2\cdot46}{2\cdot46+3\cdot30}\cdot100\%\approx50,55\%\\\%m_{NO}=49,45\%\end{matrix}\right.\)