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\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,15}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
→ Pư tạo NaHCO3 và CO2 dư.
PT: \(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_3\)
_____________0,1________0,1 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaHCO_3}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,15.3=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,45}{0,15}=3\)
→ Pư tạo Na2CO3 và NaOH dư.
PT: \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
______0,15_____0,3_______0,15 (mol)
nNaOH (dư) = 0,45 - 0,3 = 0,15 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=C_{M_{Na_2CO_3}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,15}=1\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,3 0,6
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,3.2}{1}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(C_{M_{ddNaOH}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
Bài 7:
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=0,2\cdot1=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Tạo 2 muối
PTHH: \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
a_______2a__________a (mol)
\(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_3\)
b_______b__________b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,15\\2a+b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{CO_2}+m_{ddNaOH}=0,15\cdot44+200\cdot1,25=256,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot106}{256,6}\cdot100\%\approx2,1\%\\C\%_{NaHCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot72}{256,6}\cdot100\%\approx2,8\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 8:
PTHH: \(RCO_3+2HNO_3\rightarrow R\left(NO_3\right)_2+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)
Giả sử \(n_{RCO_3}=1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HNO_3}=2\left(mol\right)\\n_{R\left(NO_3\right)_2}=1\left(mol\right)=n_{CO_2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHNO_3}=\dfrac{2\cdot63}{20\%}=630\left(g\right)\\m_{R\left(NO_3\right)_2}=R+124\left(g\right)\\m_{CO_2}=44\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{R\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{124+R}{R+60+630-44}=0,26582\)
\(\Leftrightarrow R=65\) (Kẽm) \(\Rightarrow\) CTHH của muối cacbonat là ZnCO3
\(n_{CO_2}=0,15mol\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,35mol\)
\(T=\dfrac{n_{OH^-}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,35}{0,15}=\dfrac{7}{3}>2\)\(\Rightarrow\) tạo muối \(Na_2CO_3\)
\(NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
0,35 0,15 0,15 0,15
\(\Rightarrow\)\(OH^-dư\) 0,2mol.
\(m_{ddsau}=0,35\cdot40+0,15\cdot44-0,15\cdot18=17,9g\)
\(C\%_{saup}\)\(_ư\)\(=\dfrac{15,9}{17,9}\cdot100=88,83\%\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
→ Pư tạo NaHCO3 và Na2CO3
PT: \(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_3\)
\(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=n_{NaHCO_3}+n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,15\\n_{NaOH}=n_{NaHCO_3}+2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaHCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{NaHCO_3}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{Na_2CO_3}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)