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ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne a,x\ne b\). Biến đổi phương trình:
\(\frac{x-a}{b}+\frac{x-b}{a}=\frac{b}{x-a}+\frac{a}{x-b}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a\left(x-a\right)+b\left(x-b\right)}{ab}=\frac{b\left(x-b\right)+a\left(x-a\right)}{\left(x-a\right)\left(x-b\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[a\left(x-a\right)+b\left(x-b\right)\right].\left[\frac{1}{ab}-\frac{1}{\left(x-a\right)\left(x-b\right)}\right]=0\)
Giải \(a\left(x-a\right)+b\left(x-b\right)=0\) được \(x=\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}\)( thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ)
Giải \(ab=\left(x-a\right)\left(x-b\right)\) được \(x=0\) và \(x=a+b\) ( thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ)
Nhận thấy \(0,a+b,\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}\) là 3 nghiệm phân biệt.
\(\dfrac{x-b-c}{a}+\dfrac{x-c-a}{b}+\dfrac{x-a-b}{c}-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-b-c}{a}-1+\dfrac{x-c-a}{b}-1+\dfrac{x-a-b}{c}+1=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-a-b-c}{a}+\dfrac{x-a-b-c}{b}+\dfrac{x-a-b-c}{c}=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-a-b-c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=0\)
\(\) vì \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ne0\Rightarrow x-a-b-c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=a+b+c\)
ta có : \(\left(a-\dfrac{x^2+a^2}{x+a}\right).\left(\dfrac{2a}{x}-\dfrac{4a}{x-a}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-x^2-a^2+ax+a^2}{x+a}.\dfrac{2a\left(x-a\right)-4ax}{x\left(x-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x^2+ax}{x+a}.\dfrac{2ax-2a^2-4ax}{x\left(x-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x\left(x-a\right)}{x+a}.\dfrac{-2a^2-2ax}{x\left(x-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x\left(x-a\right)}{x+a}.\dfrac{-2a\left(a+x\right)}{x\left(x-a\right)}=\dfrac{2a}{1}=2a\) vì a nguyên \(\Rightarrow2a\) nguyên (đpcm)
Ta có: (a2 + b2)(x2 + y2)
= (ax)2 + a2y2 + b2x2 + (by)2
= (ax + by)2 - 2abxy + a2y2 + b2x2
= (ax + by)2 + (a2y2 + b2x2 - 2abxy)
Mà (a2 + b2)(x2 + y2) = (ax + by)2
\(\Rightarrow\) a2y2 + b2x2 - 2abxy = 0
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\left(ay\right)^2-2.ay.bx+\left(bx\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\left(ay-bx\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(ay=bx\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}\) (đpcm)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\\ \Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ac\left(a+b+c\ne0\right)\\ \Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ac\\ \Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\\ \Rightarrow a=b=c\\ \Rightarrow B=\dfrac{2}{a}.\dfrac{2}{b}.\dfrac{2}{c}=\dfrac{8}{abc}\)
Đặt x/a=y/b=z/c=k
=>x=ak; y=bk; z=ck
\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2k^2+b^2k^2+c^2k^2}{\left(a\cdot ak+b\cdot bk+c\cdot ck\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{k^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{k^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)