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ÁP dụng BĐT bunhia có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(7-x\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{\left(7-x\right)^2}{3}\ge-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
Pt (2)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2=13-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\le13-\dfrac{\left(7-x\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2\le39-\left(7-x\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-14x+10\le0\) \(\Leftrightarrow1\le x\le\dfrac{5}{2}\)
=>xmin=1 \(\Leftrightarrow\)a=b=c=2
xmax=\(\dfrac{5}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\) a=b=c=\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)
1) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM và bất đẳng thức Schwarz:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{3a+b}\ge8\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).
2.
\(4=a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le2\sqrt{2}\)
Đồng thời \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge a^2+b^2\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}\) (với \(x=a+b\Rightarrow2\le x\le2\sqrt{2}\) )
\(M\le\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}-\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{2}-x\right)\left(x+4-2\sqrt{2}\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\sqrt{2}-1\le\sqrt{2}-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2\sqrt{2}\) hay \(a=b=\sqrt{2}\)
3. Chia 2 vế giả thiết cho \(x^2y^2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le4\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
a2+b2+c2=4−abc≤4
Smax=4 khi 1 trong 3 số bằng 0
4=abc+a2+b2+c2≥abc+33√(abc)2
Đặt 3√abc=x>0⇒x3+3x2−4≤0
⇔(x−1)(x+2)2≤0⇒x≤1
⇒abc≤1⇒S=4−abc≥3
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Min là hoán vị a=b=0 c=2 ; a=c=0 b=2 ; b=c=0 a=2 mà :vv
mà thôi Min làm đr còn max
TKS
\(a^3+a^3+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3.a^3.1}=3a^2\)
Tương tự: \(2b^3+1\ge3b^2\) ; \(2c^3+1\ge3c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)
\(A_{min}=3\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Lại có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a;b;c\ge0\\a^2+b^2+c^2=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow0\le a;b;c\le\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2\left(a-\sqrt{3}\right)\le0\Rightarrow a^3\le\sqrt{3}a^2\)
Tương tự: \(b^3\le\sqrt{3}b^2\) ; \(c^3\le\sqrt{3}c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\le\sqrt{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=3\sqrt{3}\)
\(A_{max}=3\sqrt{3}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(0;0;\sqrt{3}\right)\) và các hoán vị
Áp dụng Bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 3 số thực dương ta có :
\(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2bb^2cc^2a}=3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3c^3}=3abc\)
Khi đó :\(P\ge3abc=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(abc\right)\)
...
Câu 3. Dự đoán dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Dùng phương pháp chọn điểm rơi thôi :)
LG
Áp dụng bđt Cô-si được \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3}\ge\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{27}\ge a^2b^2c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{27}}\ge abc\)
Khi đó :\(B=a+b+c+\frac{1}{abc}\)
\(=a+b+c+\frac{1}{9abc}+\frac{8}{9abc}\)
\(\ge4\sqrt[4]{abc.\frac{1}{9abc}}+\frac{8}{9.\frac{1}{\sqrt{27}}}\)
\(=4\sqrt[4]{\frac{1}{9}}+\frac{8\sqrt{27}}{9}=\frac{4}{\sqrt[4]{9}}+\frac{8}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{8}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{12}{\sqrt{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Vậy .........
2, \(A=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)
\(A=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)
\(A=\left[\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}\right]+\left[\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{\left(a+c\right)}{4}\right]+\left[\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}\right]-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(A\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{4}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{4}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{c^2}{4}}-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)
\(A\ge a+b+c-\frac{6}{2}\)
\(A\ge6-3\)
\(A\ge3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}=\frac{b+c}{4}\Leftrightarrow4a^2=\left(b+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2a=b+c\)(1)
\(\frac{b^2}{a+c}=\frac{a+c}{4}\Leftrightarrow4b^2=\left(a+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2b=a+c\)(2)
\(\frac{c^2}{a+b}=\frac{a+b}{4}\Leftrightarrow4c^2=\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2c=a+b\)(3)
Lấy \(\left(1\right)-\left(3\right)\)ta có:
\(2a-2c=c+b-a-b=c-a\)
\(\Rightarrow2a-2c-c+a=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3.\left(a-c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-c=0\Leftrightarrow a=c\)
Chứng minh tương tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}b=c\\a=b\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=2\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=3\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
Ta có: \(x+a+b+c=7\Rightarrow a+b+c=7-x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\left(7-x\right)^2\). Lại có BĐT
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\) (theo C-S hay Am-Gm đều dc...)
\(\Rightarrow\left(7-x\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-14x+49\le3\left(13-x^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2=13-x^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4x^2-14x+10\le0\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2,5\right)\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow x_{min}\ge1;x_{max}\le2,5\)
http://imgur.com/a/QxeeS
Đã full tại đây (: