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Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\((3a^2+b^2)(3+1)\geq (3a+b)^2\Rightarrow \sqrt{3a^2+b^2}\ge \frac{3a+b}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{ab}{\sqrt{3a^2+b^2}+1}\leq \frac{2ab}{3a+b+2}\)
Thực hiện tương tự với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow Q\leq \frac{2ab}{3a+b+2}+\frac{2bc}{3b+c+2}+\frac{2ac}{3c+a+2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 3Q\leq \frac{6ab}{3a+b+2}+\frac{6bc}{3b+c+2}+\frac{6ac}{3c+a+2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 3Q\le 2b-\frac{2b^2+4b}{3a+b+2}+2c-\frac{2c^2+4c}{3b+c+2}+2a-\frac{2a^2+4a}{3c+a+2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 3Q\leq 6-\left(\frac{2b^2+4b}{3a+b+2}+\frac{2c^2+4c}{3b+c+2}+\frac{2a^2+4a}{3c+a+2}\right)(1)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{2b^2}{3a+b+2}+\frac{2c^2}{3b+c+2}+\frac{2a^2}{3c+a+2}\geq \frac{2(b+c+a)^2}{3a+b+2+3b+c+2+3c+a+2}=\frac{2(a+b+c)^2}{4(a+b+c)+6}=1(2)\)
Và:
\(\frac{4b}{3a+b+2}+\frac{4c}{3b+c+2}+\frac{4a}{3c+a+2}=4\left(\frac{b^2}{3ab+b^2+2b}+\frac{c^2}{3bc+c^2+2c}+\frac{a^2}{3ac+a^2+2a}\right)\)
\(\geq \frac{4(b+c+a)^2}{3ab+b^2+2b+3bc+c^2+3ac+a^2+2a}=\frac{4(a+b+c)^2}{(a+b+c)^2+2(a+b+c)+(ab+bc+ac)}\)
\(\geq \frac{4(a+b+c)^2}{(a+b+c)^2+2(a+b+c)+\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}}=2(3)\) (AM-GM)
Từ \((1); (2); (3)\Rightarrow 3Q\leq 6-(2+1)\Leftrightarrow 3Q\leq 3\Leftrightarrow Q\leq 1\)
Vậy Q(max) là $1$
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b}{c+ab}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b+c}{a+bc}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c+a}{b+ac}}\)
Bài này có xuất hiện rồi ,you vào mục tìm kiếm là thấy liền.
Lời giải vắn tắt:
\(A=\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{1+ab-c^2}}=\sum\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{\sqrt{\left(ab+2c^2\right)\left(1+ab-c^2\right)}}\ge\sum\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{1+2ab+c^2}=\sum\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+2c^2}\ge\sum\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2c^2}=\sum\left(ab+2c^2\right)=ab+bc+ca+2\)
( thay \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\))
ta có :\(a^2-ab+b^2=\left(a+b\right)^2-3ab\ge\left(a+b\right)^2-\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)(theo BĐT AM-GM)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sum\dfrac{a+b}{2\sqrt{ab+1}}\)
ÁP dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{2\sqrt{ab+1}}+\dfrac{b+c}{2\sqrt{bc+1}}+\dfrac{c+a}{2\sqrt{ca+1}}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{8\sqrt{\left(ab+1\right)\left(bc+1\right)\left(ca+1\right)}}}=\dfrac{3}{2}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{\left(ab+1\right)\left(bc+1\right)\left(ca+1\right)}}}\)
Mà \(\sqrt[3]{\left(ab+1\right)\left(bc+1\right)\left(ca+1\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{\left(ab+bc+ca+3\right)}}\)(*)
ta liên tưởng đến BĐT phụ:\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\ge\dfrac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
Cm: phân tích :\(VT=xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(x+z\right)+2xyz\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(z+x\right)+3xyz-xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)-xyz\)
mà \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}.3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}=9xyz\)
nên \(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)-\dfrac{1}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=\dfrac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
Áp dụng:
\(1=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\dfrac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
mặt khác,theo AM-GM,dễ dàng chứng minh được \(a+b+c\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
nên \(1\ge\dfrac{8}{9}.\dfrac{3}{2}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
từ (*)\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{4}+3}}=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{5}}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
bai nay t lam roi vao trang chu cua nick thangbnsh cua t keo xuong tim la thay
Câu hỏi của Tuyển Trần Thị - Toán lớp 9 | Học trực tuyến
Đề sai rồi: a,b,c > 0 thì làm sao mà có: ab + bc + ca = 0 được.
Em nghĩ đề là a chứ không phải 2a ;v
\(P=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}\\ =\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ac+a^2}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ac+b^2}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ac+c^2}}\\ =\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\\ \le\left(\dfrac{a}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{a}{2\left(a+c\right)}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{c}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{8\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Áp dụng bđt : \(\dfrac{1}{xy}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1/căn 3
Dự đoán điểm rơi b=c=ka. Ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\)
\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}=\dfrac{b.\sqrt{\dfrac{2k}{k+1}}}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right).\dfrac{2k\left(a+b\right)}{k+1}}}\le\dfrac{b}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{2k}{k+1}}.\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)}{2k\left(a+b\right)}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\le\dfrac{c}{2}.\sqrt{\dfrac{2k}{k+1}}\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{k+1}{2k\left(a+c\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\sqrt{\dfrac{k+1}{8k}}.\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\sqrt{\dfrac{k+1}{8k}}.\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\sqrt{\dfrac{k}{2k+2}}\)
Tìm k sao cho \(\sqrt{\dfrac{k+1}{8k}}=1\Rightarrow k=\dfrac{1}{7}\)
Do đó trình bày lại bài toán ngắn gọn như sau:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(VT=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\dfrac{2b}{\sqrt{4\left(b+c\right).\left(b+a\right)}}+\dfrac{2c}{\sqrt{4\left(b+c\right).\left(a+b\right)}}\)
\(\le\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{4\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{4\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\)
\(=1+1+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=7b=7c=\dfrac{7}{\sqrt{15}}\)
Lời giải:
Do \(ab+bc+ac=1\) nên:
\(a^2+1=a^2+ab+bc+ac=(a+b)(a+c)\)
\(b^2+1=b^2+ab+bc+ac=(b+a)(b+c)\)
\(c^2+1=c^2+ab+bc+ac=(c+a)(c+b)\)
Do đó:
\(A=a\sqrt{\frac{(b^2+1)(c^2+1)}{a^2+1}}+b\sqrt{\frac{(a^2+1)(c^2+1)}{b^2+1}}+c\sqrt{\frac{(b^2+1)(a^2+1)}{c^2+1}}\)
\(=a\sqrt{\frac{(b+c)(b+a)(c+a)(c+b)}{(a+b)(a+c)}}+b\sqrt{\frac{(a+b)(a+c)(c+a)(c+b)}{(b+a)(b+c)}}+c\sqrt{\frac{(b+a)(b+c)(a+b)(a+c)}{(c+a)(c+b)}}\)
\(=a(b+c)+b(a+c)+c(a+b)=2(ab+bc+ac)=2\)
Vậy \(A=2\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy - Schwarz ta có:\(Q=\dfrac{2-2a^2b^2}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}=\dfrac{2\left(1-ab\right)\left(1+ab\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca+a^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}=\dfrac{2\left(bc+ca\right)\left(1+ab\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}=\dfrac{2c\left(1+ab\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=\dfrac{2c\left(1+ab\right)}{\sqrt{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}\le\dfrac{2c\left(1+ab\right)}{\sqrt{\left(ab+1\right)^2\left(c^2+1\right)}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}=\dfrac{2c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}=\dfrac{2\left(c+1\right)}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{2\left(c+1\right)}{\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(c+1\right)^2}{2}}}=2\sqrt{2}\)Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = \(\sqrt{2}-1;c=1\).
Vậy..