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Câu 1:
a: \(\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3-3a^2b-3ab^2\)
\(=a^3+b^3\)
b: \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{a^3+c^3+3ac\left(a+c\right)-b^3-3ac\left(a+c\right)+3abc}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^3-b^3-3ac\left(a+c-b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+c-b\right)\left[\left(a+c\right)^2+b\left(a+c\right)+b^2\right]-3ac\left(a+c-b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+c-b\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc-ac\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-2\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+2ab+2bc-2ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-2\left[\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}=-2\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\\ \Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ac\left(a+b+c\ne0\right)\\ \Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ac\\ \Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\\ \Rightarrow a=b=c\\ \Rightarrow B=\dfrac{2}{a}.\dfrac{2}{b}.\dfrac{2}{c}=\dfrac{8}{abc}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=2\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)(tự nhân lại rồi phân tích)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
+)Xét a+b+c=0\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{b+a}{b}\cdot\dfrac{c+b}{c}\cdot\dfrac{a+c}{a}=\dfrac{-c}{b}\cdot\dfrac{-a}{c}\cdot\dfrac{-b}{a}=-1\)
+Xét \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)}\)
=3/2
Câu 1:
- Chứng minh a3+b3+c3=3abc thì a+b+c=0
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3a^2b-3ab^2+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3\right]-3abc\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow0=0\) Đúng (Đpcm)
- Chứng minh a3+b3+c3=3abc thì a=b=c
Áp dụng Bđt Cô si 3 số ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3c^3}=3abc\)
Dấu = khi a=b=c (Đpcm)
Câu 2
Từ \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=3\cdot\frac{1}{abc}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{ab}{c^2}+\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ac}{b^2}=\frac{abc}{c^3}+\frac{abc}{a^3}+\frac{abc}{b^3}\)
\(=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)\)
\(=abc\cdot3\cdot\frac{1}{abc}=3\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\\a+b+c\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}{\left(a+b+c\right)^6}=\left[\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\right]^3=\left[\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\right]^3=\dfrac{1}{27}\)