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\(\frac{2}{a+b\sqrt{5}}-\frac{3}{a-b\sqrt{5}}=-9-20\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a-2b\sqrt{5}-3a-3b\sqrt{5}}{a^2-5b^2}=-9-20\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+5b\sqrt{5}}{a^2-5b^2}=9+20\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5}\left(100b^2+5b-20a^2\right)=9a^2-a-45b^2\)
Ta nhận thây VT là sô vô tỷ còn VP là sô hữu tỷ.
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}100b^2+5b-20a^2=0\\9a^2-a-45b^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=0\\b=0\end{cases}\left(loai\right)}\)hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=9\\b=4\end{cases}\left(nhan\right)}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0;x\ne4;x\ne9\)
a) \(A=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{x-2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{x}+6}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\frac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
\(A=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9-\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{x-\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
\(\frac{2}{a+b\sqrt{5}}-\frac{3}{a-b\sqrt{5}}=\frac{2\left(a-b\sqrt{5}\right)-3\left(a+b\sqrt{5}\right)}{\left(a+b\sqrt{5}\right)\left(a-b\sqrt{5}\right)}\)\(=\frac{-a-5b\sqrt{5}}{a^2-5b^2}=\frac{-a}{a^2-5b^2}+\frac{-5b\sqrt{5}}{a^2-5b^2}\).
Suy ra:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{-a}{a^2-5b^2}=-9\\-\frac{5b}{a^2-5b^2}=-20\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{b}=\frac{9}{4}\\\frac{a}{a^2-5b^2}=-9\end{cases}}\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{9}{4}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{9}=\frac{b}{4}=k\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=9k\\b=4k\end{cases}}\).
Suy ra \(\frac{a}{a^2-5b^2}=\frac{9k}{81k^2-5.16k^2}=\frac{9}{k}=-9\).
Suy ra \(k=-1\).
Vậy \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=9k\\b=4k\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=-9\\b=-4\end{cases}}}\).
b, Ta có
\(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{y+1}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(y+1\right)-y-y\sqrt{x}}{y+1}=\sqrt{x}+1-\frac{y\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{y+1}\)
Mà \(y+1\ge2\sqrt{y}\)
=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{y+1}\ge\sqrt{x}+1-\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
Khi đó
\(P\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)+3-\frac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}\right)\)
Mà \(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}\le\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2}{3}=3\)
=> \(P\ge\frac{1}{2}.3+3-\frac{3}{2}=3\)
Vậy MinP=3 khi x=y=z=1