Cho a,b lớn hơn hoặc bằng 1. CMR \(\frac{1}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}\ge\frac{2}{1+ab}\)
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a,b,c< 0 mà a+b+c bé hơn hoặc bằng 1
a+b+c ít nhất phải bằng 3 chứ!
a) \(\frac{1}{1+x^2}+\frac{1}{1+y^2}\ge\frac{2}{1+xy}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2+x^2+y^2}{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}\ge\frac{2}{1+xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2+x^2+y^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)\ge2\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2+2xy+x^2+x^3y+y^2+y^3x\ge2\left(x^2+y^2+x^2y^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3y+xy^3+2xy-x^2-y^2-2x^2y^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-1\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng)
đặt \(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}=x;\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}=y;\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}=z\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)
\(P=\frac{ab}{ab+c}+\frac{bc}{bc+a}+\frac{ca}{ca+b}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{ab}{c}}{\frac{ab}{c}+1}+\frac{\frac{bc}{a}}{\frac{bc}{a}+1}+\frac{\frac{ca}{b}}{\frac{ca}{b}+1}=\frac{x^2}{x^2+1}+\frac{y^2}{y^2+1}+\frac{z^2}{z^2+1}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{1+b^2}=\frac{a\left(1+b^2\right)-ab^2}{1+b^2}=a-\frac{ab}{1+b^2}\)
\(1+b^2\ge2b\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{ab^2}{1+b^2}\le\frac{ab^2}{2b}=\frac{ab}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow-\frac{ab^2}{1+b^2}\ge-\frac{ab}{2}\)
Do đó: \(\frac{a}{1+b^2}=a-\frac{ab^2}{1+b^2}\ge a-\frac{ab}{2}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{b}{1+c^2}\ge b-\frac{bc}{2}\); \(\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge c-\frac{ca}{2}\)
Suy ra \(\frac{a}{1+b^2}+\frac{b}{1+c^2}+\frac{c}{1+a^2}+\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\ge a+b+c\)
Mặt khác ta có: \(3\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\Rightarrow\frac{3}{a+b+c}\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3\)
Do đó; \(\frac{a}{1+b^2}+\frac{b}{1+c^2}+\frac{c}{1+a^2}+\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\ge a+b+c\ge3\)(đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=1\)
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Lời giải:
Thực chất đề bài chỉ cần điều kiện $ab\geq 1$ là đủ rồi bạn.
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\frac{a^2+b^2+2}{(a^2+1)(b^2+1)}\geq \frac{2}{ab+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a^2+b^2+2)(ab+1)\geq 2(a^2+1)(b^2+1)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab(a^2+b^2)+2ab\geq 2a^2b^2+a^2+b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab(a^2+b^2-2ab)-(a^2+b^2-2ab)\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab(a-b)^2-(a-b)^2\geq 0\Leftrightarrow (ab-1)(a-b)^2\geq 0\)
(luôn đúng với mọi $ab\geq 1$)
Do đó ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $ab=1$ hoặc $a=b$
\(\frac{1}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}\ge\frac{2}{1+ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a^2}-\frac{1}{1+ab}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}-\frac{1}{1+ab}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1+ab-1-a^2}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}+\frac{1+ab-1-b^2}{\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a\left(b-a\right)\left(1+b^2\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}+\frac{b\left(a-b\right)\left(1+a^2\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a\left(b-a\right)\left(1+b^2\right)-b\left(b-a\right)\left(1+a^2\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(b-a\right)\left(a+ab^2-b-a^2b\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(ab-1\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\forall ab\ge1\)