Bt: Phân tích các đa thức thành nhân tử
a) (a+b)3-(a-b)3
b) 8x3+12x2y+6xy2+y2
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a) Áp dụng HĐT 5 thu được ( 2 a - 3 b ) 3 .
b) Ta có 8 x 3 + 12 x 2 y + 6 xy 2 + y 3 = ( 2 x + y ) 3 .
Áp dụng HĐT 7 với A = 2x + y; B = z
( 2 x + y ) 3 - z 3 = (2x + y - z)(4 x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 4xy + 2xz + zy).
Ta có
8 x 3 + 12 x 2 y + 6 x y 2 + y 3 = ( 2 x ) 3 + 3 . ( 2 x ) 2 y + 3 . 2 x . y 2 + y 3 = ( 2 x + y ) 3
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
a: \(x^2+4x+4=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot2+2^2=\left(x+2\right)^2\)
b: \(4x^2-4x+1=\left(2x\right)^2-2\cdot2x\cdot1+1^2=\left(2x-1\right)^2\)
c: \(2x-1-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=-\left(x-1\right)^2\)
d: \(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
e: \(9-x^2=3^2-x^2=\left(3-x\right)\left(3+x\right)\)
g: \(\left(x+5\right)^2-4x^2=\left(x+5+2x\right)\left(x+5-2x\right)\)
\(=\left(5-x\right)\left(5+3x\right)\)
h: \(\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(2x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+1+2x-1\right)\left(x+1-2x+1\right)\)
\(=3x\left(-x+2\right)\)
i: \(=x^2y^2-4xy+4-3\)
\(=\left(xy-2\right)^2-3=\left(xy-2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(xy-2+\sqrt{3}\right)\)
k: \(=y^2-\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(y-x+1\right)\left(y+x-1\right)\)
l: \(=x^3+3\cdot x^2\cdot2+3\cdot x\cdot2^2+2^3=\left(x+2\right)^3\)
m: \(=\left(2x\right)^3-3\cdot\left(2x\right)^2\cdot y+3\cdot2x\cdot y^2-y^3=\left(2x-y\right)^3\)
\(8x^3+12x^2y+6xy^2+y^3-z^3\)
\(=\left(2x+y\right)^3-z^3\)
\(=\left(2x+y-z\right)\left[4x^2+z\left(2x+y\right)+z^2\right]\)
a, 8a3 - 36a2 +54ab2 - 27b3
=(8a3-36a2b +54ab2 - 27b3)
=(2a-3b)2
=(2a-3b)(2a-3b)(2a-3b)
b, 8x3 + 12x2y + 6xy2 + y3 - z 3
=(8x3 + 12x2y + 6xy2 + y3) - z3
=(2x + y)3 - y3
=(2x + y +z) . [ (2x + Y)2 + 2(2x + y)+ z2
= (2x + y + z)(4x2 + 4xy + y2 + 4x + 2y + z2
Bài 1:
a: Ta có: \(\left(6x+3\right)-\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(3-2x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(8-2x\right)\)
\(=2\left(4-x\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3\right)-\left(2-3x\right)\left(x-1\right)-2\left(3x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3\right)+\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)-\left(3x-2\right)\left(2x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3+x-1-2x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x-6\right)\)
\(=3\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
Bài 2:
a: Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b\right)-\left(b-a\right)\left(2a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b+2a-b-a-3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-4b\right)\)
\(=2\left(a-b\right)\left(a-2b\right)\)
f: Ta có: \(x^2-6xy+9y^2+4x-12y\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left(x-3y+4\right)\)
\(-8x^3+12x^2y-6xy^2+y^3=\left(-2x\right)^3+3.\left(-2x\right)^3y+3.\left(-2x\right).y^2+y^3\)
\(=\left(-2x+y\right)^3\) (hay \(\left(y-2x\right)^3\) tùy cách ghi)
Ta có: \(-8x^3+12x^2y-6xy^2+y^3\)
\(=-\left(8x^3-12x^2y+6xy^2-y^3\right)\)
\(=-\left(2x-y\right)^3\)
a) mk sửa lại đề chút nhé, bn tham khảo
TH1: \(\left(x^3-2x^2\right)-\left(x-2\right)=x^2\left(x-2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
TH2: \(\left(x^3+2x^2\right)-\left(x+2\right)=x^2\left(x+2\right)-\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
a, 2xy^2 ( x^3 -3xy - 4 )
b, x^2 - 4x - 4x +16
= x(x-4) - 4(x-4)
= (x-4) (x-4)
a) = ((a+b)-(a-b)).((a+b)2-(a+b).(a-b)+(a-b)2)
a)\(\left(a+b\right)^3-\left(a-b\right)^3=\left[\left(a+b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\right]\left[\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\right]\)
\(=2b\left(a^2+2ab+b^2+a^2-b^2+a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=2b\left(3a^2+b^2\right)\)
b) xem lại đề