Cho x,y là các số dương thỏa mãn: x^3+8y^3-6xy+1=0
Tính giá trị biểu thức:
x^2018+(y-1/2)^2019
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Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có:
\(x^3+8y^3+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^3\cdot8y^3\cdot1}=6xy\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+8y^3+1-6xy\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(x=2y=1\Rightarrow x=1;y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Khi đó:
\(A=x^{2018}+\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2019}=1^{2018}+0^{2019}=1\)
Nhận xét : ( x + y - 3 )^2018 >=0 và 2018.(2x-4)^2020 >= 0
=> (x+y-3)^2018 + 2018.(2x-4)^2020 >=0
Dấu = xảy ra khi : x + y - 3 = 0 và 2x - 4 = 0 => x = 2 và y = 1
Thay vào bt S :
S = ( 2 - 1)^2019 + (2-1)^2019
= 1^2019 + 1^2019 = 2
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a) \(6xy+4x-9y-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x.\left(3y+2\right)-9y-6-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x.\left(3y+x\right)-3.\left(3y+2\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right).\left(3y+2\right)=1\)
Mà \(x,y\in Z\Rightarrow2x-3;3y+2\in Z\)
Tự làm típ
\(A=x^3+y^3+xy\)
\(A=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+xy\)
\(A=x^2-xy+y^2+xy\)( vì \(x+y=1\))
\(A=x^2+y^2\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunhiakovxky ta có :
\(\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x\cdot1+y\cdot1\right)^2=\left(x+y\right)^2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Hay \(x^3+y^3+xy\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vì |2x-y| \(\ge0\)\(\forall x,y\)
\(\left(y+2\right)^{2018}\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|2x-y\right|+\left(y+2\right)^{2018}\ge0\)
Dấu = xảy ra
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x-y=0\\y+2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=-2\end{cases}}\)(Thay vào C ta đc )
\(C=2\cdot\left(-1\right)^{2019}-5\left(-2\right)^3+2019\)=2057
Vậy .......
Vì /2x-y/ \(\ge\)0 với mọi x,y,
(y + 2)2018\(\ge\)0 với mọi y
suy ra \(|2x-y|\)+ (y + 2)2018\(\ge\)0 với mọi x,y (1)
mà suy ra \(|2x-y|\)+ (y + 2)2018 =0 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(|2x-y|\)=0 và (y + 2)2018 = 0
suy ra 2x=y và y=-2
suy ra x=-1 và y=-2
Như vậy C= 2. ( -1)2019 - 5 (-2) 3 + 2019 = -2 +40 + 2019 = 2057