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\(B=\frac{x^3}{y+1}+\frac{y^3}{1+x}=\frac{\left(x^4+y^4\right)+\left(x^3+y^3\right)}{xy+x+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x^4+y^4\right)+\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)}{x+y+2}=\frac{\left(x^4+y^4\right)+\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-1\right)}{x+y+2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cô si với các số dương x2 ; y2 ; x4 ; y4 ta được :
\(B\ge\frac{2x^2y^2+\left(x+y\right)\left(2xy-1\right)}{x+y+2}=\frac{2+\left(x+y\right)}{x+y+2}=1\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
x+xy+y+1=9
(x+1)(y+1)=9
áp dụng bđt ab<=(a+b)^2/4
->9<=(x+y+2)^2/4 -> x+y >=4
....
Ta có: \(x^3+y^3+\frac{1}{3^3}-3xy.\frac{1}{3}=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+y+\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(x^2+y^2+\frac{1}{9}-xy-\frac{1}{3}x-\frac{1}{3}y\right)=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y+\frac{1}{3}=0\left(1\right)\\x^2+y^2+\frac{1}{9}-xy-\frac{1}{3}x-\frac{1}{3}y=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
(1) <=> \(x+y=-\frac{1}{3}\)loại vì x > 0 ; y >0
( 2) <=> \(\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2=0\)
vì \(\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2\ge0;\left(y-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2\ge0;\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi x, y
nên \(\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi x, y
Do đó: \(\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2=0\)
<=> \(x=y=\frac{1}{3}\)
Làm tiếp:
Với \(x=y=\frac{1}{3}\)=> \(x+y=\frac{2}{3}\) thế vào P
ta có: \(P=\left(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{3}\right)^3-\frac{3}{2}.\frac{2}{3}+2016=2016\)
Ta có: \(x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=9-2=7\)
\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)=3^3-3.3=18\)
=> \(x^5+y^5=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)-x^2y^2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=7.18-1.3=123\)
Lời giải:
Đặt $xy=a; x+y=b$ thì theo đề ta có:
$a+b=-1$ và $ab=-12$
Ta cần tính: $A=(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)=b^3-3ab=b^3-3(-12)=b^3+36$
Từ $a+b=-1\Rightarrow a=-b-1$. Thay vào $ab=-12$
$\Rightarrow (-b-1)b=-12$
$\Leftrightarrow (b+1)b=12$
$\Leftrightarrow b^2+b-12=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (b-3)(b+4)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow b=3$ hoặc $b=-4$
Nếu $b=3$ thì $A=3^3+36=63$
Nếu $b=-4$ thì $A=(-4)^3+36=-28$
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