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Dong Ho painting, or full name is Dong Ho folk wood carvings, is a line of Vietnamese folk paintings originating from Dong Ho village (Song Ho commune, Thuan Thanh district, Bac Ninh province). In the past, the paintings were sold mainly for the Lunar New Year, the rural people bought paintings on the wall, removed the last year, using new paintings. Dong Ho Folk Painting is a National Intangible Cultural Heritage. With the approval of the Prime Minister, the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism coordinated with the People's Committee of Bac Ninh Province and professional agencies to conduct research and compile scientific dossiers for the painting industry. Dong Ho folk to submit to UNESCO for recognition of intangible cultural heritage.
TIẾNG VIỆT
Ý nghĩa của một số bức tranh đông hồ
Khôn khổn khồn khôn đã có đuôi
Đỗ cao, cưới vợ tiếng rầm trời
Chú mèo vừa mới vênh đầu ngõ
Lễ cả sai quân đệ tới nơi.
Bốn câu thơ ngắn ngủi nhưng đã tỏ rõ cảnh trong bức tranh chuột vinh quy vẻ vang về làng cưới vợ đẹp. Khôn ngoan, tài giỏi nhưng vẫn không thoát khỏi cảnh cúi đầu đút lót cho chú mèo. Việc làm ấy thực ra chẳng có tác dụng gì, bởi lẽ có khi nào mèo lại làm thân với chuột. Nhận của đút lót nhưng khi gặp chuột, mèo vẫn xơi như thường. Chi tiết đó cho ta thấy được cái tài tình của người xưa. Người dân quê Việt Nam xưa sống trong xã hội phong kiến không dám công khai công kích, phản kháng lại bọn quan tham nhũng, ức hiếp dân lành, nên đã mượn bức tranh chuột cưới vợ để gián tiếp lên án bọn quan tham và bày tỏ thái độ của mình. Bức tranh có cả biển, lọng, cân đai, áo, mão, ngựa hồng, kiệu hoa, kèn trống thật linh đình. Nhưng để có được cảnh vui vẻ đó, họ hàng nhà chuột phải đút lót cho mèo. Bức tranh không chỉ đả kích bọn tham quan mà còn phê phán lối thi cử đời Lê, thời Bảo Thái (1721) người nào có tiền đóng vào gọi là “tiền thông kinh”để xin đi thi thì được, không cần phải khảo hạch. Người đi thi rất đông, kẻ làm ruộng, người bán thịt, người đi buôn… một lũ hỗn độn. Trong phòng thi người lật sách ra chép, người thi hộ như phiên chợ đang họp với kẻ mua người bán mặc cả nhau. Kẻ có tài thực sự thì bị đánh rớt, kẻ dốt nát nhưng có tiền đút lót thì được tuyển chọn làm quan. Đã tốn tiền mua chức quan thì phải tìm cách lấy lại. Cuối cùng, chỉ có dân đen là gánh chịu hậu quả, còn bọn quan thì mặc sức cho đầy túi tham.Ý nghĩa của một số bức tranh đông hồ
TIẾNG ANH
The meaning of some pictures of the lake
Misery has a tail
Do high, married wife rung heaven
The cat just swung his alley
The ceremony sent soldiers to the place.
Four short verses, but the scene in the mice glorious glory about the beautiful wedding village. Wise, talented but still not escape the scene of the crook of the cats. It really does not work, because there are times when the cats do relatives with mice. Get out of the bribe but when the mouse, cats are still as usual. That detail shows the ingenuity of the ancients. The old Vietnamese people living in feudal societies did not dare to publicly attack, protest against corrupt officials, bully the good people, borrowed the picture of the mice to marry and indirectly condemned the mourners. show your attitude. The painting has the sea, the hoop, the belt, the shirt, the horse, the pink horse, the flower palette, the drummer is so great. But to get that happy scene, the rat family must bribe the cat. The painting not only hit the visitors but also criized the Le style examination, the Bao Dai period (1721) people who have money to pay into the so-called "business intelligence" to apply for examinations is not necessary to test . Many people go to the test, the farmer, the butcher, the trader ... a mess. In the examination room people turn over the books, the testers the market is meeting with the bargain buyer bargain. Those who are really talented are beaten, ignorant but have bribes, they are selected as mandarins. Having paid for a job, you have to find a way to get it back. Finally, only the black people bear the consequences, and the mandarins are full of bags. The meaning of some paintings
Book is one part of my beautiful life and reading books is my favourite hobby. I like detective story best, especially Detective Conan and Detective Sherlock Holmes. My favourite talk is "When you have eliminated the impossible whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth" This talk means "Sau khi đã loại bỏ những điều không thể thì khả năng còn lại, dù vô lý đến đâu, cũng chính là sự thật." Books are like my friends who can teach me many things over the world. A good book is the way to live another life. You are never alone when you read a great book! Any one who says they have only one life to live, must not how to read a book. All in all, I like reading books alot. You can share hobby with me!
Saigon remember it? City breaks parting hair, blurred vision farewell city last April an enemy hand touch. Not remember Saigon "These months old blue velvet, silk days ago, that city, Saigon beloved, solar lighting dreams, moonlight illuminating the anniversary. Every sidewalk is a dream prize. Each ramp is a gust of happiness. Impregnated joy and great regret that, after ten years of wandering. There are more wonderful place to Saigon? City warm year round. City leaves similar wind music. The rainy night, soot cry nothingness. Poetic fairy slightly chilled. Erotic fragrant collection of thousands of old. Saigon Textile poetry as sunshine. Between lower heart was legendary spring lãng Tu Xuong style of silk, brocade background Huyen Tran. Just a rainbow, old soul was troubled. Just steps from the Season, has blue eyes childhood, girls pink lips. Saigon dear girl, the girl long flowing coat streets, the girls short neat shirt factory, the girls on the road uniforms rhythmic building and defending the homeland, the Vietnamese girl throbbing drums Me Linh, plying the horses and Bui Thi Xuan ...
Phen horse's heels came a blinding dust country. War invasions from the north came down. Like all city youth, rural, Saigon boys working under the executioner put pen bows, traditional flower goodbye to engage young river protection. Every inch of his native land resubmit father were deposited by the sweat, tears and blood. Then fight to win back every inch of land fall into enemy hands must also sweat, tears and blood. Vietnam youth was glorious, glorious still, forever glorious. The did so glorious victories Bach Dang, Chi Lang Street, Dong Da ... to make the winning Binh Long, Kontum and Quang Tri ... Saigon Youth was honored to contribute to the history of blood fight voice…
***
Heart has repeatedly ethnic rifts dividing demanding passages. Today, once again, ethnic bleeding heart. These fibers royal blood here and there. On pain. On conviction in mind. Joy and hope to remember names not remember the name. Saigon is a conviction not remember the name. Remember Saigon? Not remember the name remember joy, joy remember restless, gnawing conviction flesh I remember every minute, every second. I remember the old school gate waiting for me in late autumn afternoon? Remember the old way leaves me green rain sex? Saigon, joy nostalgia on the lipstick, in the eyes and in the breath. Saigon, joy and longing for happiness in misery. In young age and in old age. With spring coming into and collect ultramarine pink over. In life today and tomorrow we die. In thousands of miles away who foot thick haze. In the first inch of the street gang who ward. In the park early fog grass hydrated. In a roundabout way street lamps excellent color ...
***
From a sentiment not remember the name, Saigon became known pain. Take great shape, Saigon, our general partner, lost in enemy hands. States have lost abominable enemy hand mirror? When refined slim ferret shirt overlaid name Saigon, my city being skinned. As I was skinning it. And that is the pain fester in our hearts each. The romantic flowers old path, now, to the vicious hatred, anguish, dreary, pity. Smiles yesterday as tears today. Hope yesterday was desperate today. Life is full of threats during the day, the night terror. "If walking lamppost, lampposts will cross the sea in search of freedom." Who was speaking for the lampposts Saigon Centre? Ethnic Vietnam gentle and always unfortunate, no doubt, after a life changing grim, turned out miserable boat floating on the ocean surface toddler implications. Take the land into the sea. Where sea guide? Where and how May will pale sorrow expatriation. Land takes the land into the sea but not shared with the tragic adventure. Where sea guide, lead you, the sea did not understand the hunger, fear's pleasure to sail. That is, from the pain of humanity have clear our names from a list of gold encrusted humiliation: Boat People ...
Abandon their homeland, leaving Saigon withering of enemy hands. Remember Saigon? Think of Saigon now? Saigon now like? Do not ask the rain, the sun asked. Rain and sun sadly also fled the city already. Ask the mother wandering the corner. Ask first stumbled sugar daddy. Ask her to sit pear flea market. Ask me the adoration of black rice measuring red blood selling. Sunset makeup of a living pavement. Tears night the bitter fate of people. Such Saigon now. Elderly to bark stripped to the high tops. Visit Botanical animals emaciated and died of starvation. Lovely looks past the current discrete pedestal. Saigon Pearl maiden hand was bulky scabies because irrigation water forced alum. Blue eyes and white children were already exhausted from chronic cassava. Saigon to the street not long coat. Saigon said the street is not laughing, chirping. Stooping is a prison, concentration camp. Looking to the vicious police. Weather Saigon now fully hydrated anxious. The air-Special Saigon now pity. Saigon is now at home with sorrow, sighing, with the tears silently dripping pieces tênh sad life, clam bored ...
***
But there is far to go to heaven Saigon is happy? Be positive doodles angry without proper justification boat swallowing. Relive great abruptness waves buffeted the boat people. Imagine brutal pirate idea of raping, killing refugees. And, after the last, look for a long, carefully waiting for handouts date settled in favor of the refugee camp, known as "paradise inn front gate." Take a clear look footsteps olds, five, on the sand burns injustice makes home visits. Then will understand why "I know I will be sad". As long as it pleased nostalgic burning alive, a day boat longing for the old days of Saigon Leopard build ...
***
Where only the Saigon bankruptcy today. Our homeland, everywhere, are bankrupt, wealth and charity, blood from flag burning hatred haughtily flying fishy breath. Hanoi was the spreading over three decades. Heaven's cloud illusions and betray the bread of heaven is secondary Socialist drawing step backwards. No one dies of hunger that only those chronic hunger. Civilized land thousands of years, people living in material standards, materials and assimilated people, animals and people sharing and exploitation confided same. People who suffered poverty to liberate those fresh shirt. Ultimately, Saigon dark, doomed, tragic Hanoi par. Observe Hanoi, the capital of "human dignity", "elitist and progress". Look for Hanoi a precise definition of happiness. That's it, the images vivid and authentic Hanoi and Saigon under the color of the flag are arrogant and bloody stupid hatred. Saigon's honor was ejected sidewalk. The mother sat frowning in the sun soon. The father stood in the rain-dimensional grimaced. What about sending to Saigon? One consolation, a dream or a promise? City, trees, sun and rain, birds, the animals, the sidewalk, the corner shop, to send about? Send anything about?
Send just enough about to leave a homeland, a homeland piled sorrow? Send anything about the immense fields, for the vast river? Send anything about the new canal digging, just off the creek? What about sending away for the shore, for yards wide? Send anything about the low hills, the mountain? Send anything about the jungle, the ocean depths. What about sending rice to milk, the pigs may award contracts? What about sending flowers grapefruit, flowers frown? Send anything about the durian, mangosteen? What about the lullabies send diffuse, for warm tone ru? What about the line scented send the order to the family sex tile, bridges longed for? Send anything about? Send anything about? O homeland, just as almost hidden away farewell, it was revealed lovesick new straw smell, the smell of the smoke of copper, vile smell flowers, smell weed. And we see the simplest, most ordinary ones were most sadly smoke waves sunset. There is no place more beautiful our homeland. Send anything about? To send a dream return.
***
Back lit dream recollection. And reminisce with me about my hometown. That our waters. From looking down. Nha Trang white sand with legendary players Balls. Forest Hill do it. Dalat poetic. This Lake of Sighs. Ai An forest Nọ. I look back at the Military Academy old footprints, ancient silhouette of the guy "heroes stream of capital." The boys did, now, somewhere. Obviously, many people have "rather compares his robe on earth", the Vietnam-ground advantage. To Vietnam haughtily forever Many have gone, taking with Dang Dung said, just look forward to the liberation premature death lest the old river. I left the National Military School to celebrate the exuberant Yersin. School there, sadly with mimicry rename plight. Natural school dreamer, one day, former student of the past stirred. Retrospective gives us wings to fly free. A moment of recollection clapping, it was the site of Dalat Hoa Binh high translucent. Then we fly over the hill, to visit Da Lat University Hospital of little consolation for the current gloomy overhead. And we on, I go to a sunny Saigon. Boat takes guests to the Thu Thiem. Prime Language flagpole crying because yellow flag absent loved red stripes. Bach Dang wharf there. Liberty City the other. Public whistle-calling ship voyage. What prompted waves lap smoke sunset river. Oh, Saigon, a piece of Saigon alone, my heart warm enough afar. My soul is seemingly gaining momentum on Saigon. My soul is old streets, the old mansion. Naturally, we want to Saigon whispered: "I, Saigon like? Shirt color intact, while raising a dream, waiting for each other? Kids, remember the road injured entrance, past trees, birds words music wind, rain clouds tears, nothing lost yet "? Do not, do not lose anything, because I still dream about a day.
***
Hung's death is the general rule for ever. Strawberry happened Sea for thought, let alone a dynasty, a regime or an ism. A poet has defined the sea-law never, never die:
Everybody all dead
The other was permanently Vietnam
One other poets define what never lose:
Me dear, earnest ago
What took the man did not lose Vietnam
Vietnam people permanently. Vietnam eternal love. It did not take people never took the homeland. And memories of the homeland is not lost. And then, with the Notre Dame Cathedral of Saigon, with Zoo, the Museum, the Mausoleum Mr. Ba Chieu. And then, Hue with red flock amniotic summer flamboyant fall colors sprinkled blood on the ancient Hue style, quietly. And then, with the tombs of Hue, radio. And then, Hue with "ancient chariot marks" with "old castle background". And then, the soul's money on the table shy moss layer, on the threshold of the echo of a time level. O immortal ancestors, who did not have to die, the only retreat under a lotus pond. And the meaning of life still yellow petal lotus stamen, still fragrant lotus. I crave, chimes Thien Mu Hue called on the anxiety in each row of trees, every brick, every wall, every roof, every cauldron peaks, each bearing flowers of a bygone dynasties filled with pity. And then, Hue Ngu Mountain Perfume River, the Trang Tien bridge, bridge White Tiger. And then, Hue with leaves above the water level of gently peace. And then, with the course of An Cuu Hue "muddy rain sun" and the boats loaded with moon night swept on Vi Da.
Why do not you visit the village of Vi
New row sun sunny scowling look up
Who lush gardens too. emerald
Horizontal bamboo leaf cover complete typeface
Cloudy Wind wind street style rattan
Corn sad waters lay flowers
Moon River boat dock that anyone beans
Keep carrying moon tonight
Mo hotel guest distance distance
White shirt so you do not look out
Here's smog blurred image
Who knew the salty one
And then, Hue, intact, the waterfront with her laundry mats, with a smile so beautiful, so poetic. Dong Khanh school yard there flying white butterfly. And that dream University ports deep blue. There, intact, when we about. And then, Hanoi West Lake, Truc Bach Lake, the path Co Ngu childhood dreaming pupil. Quan Thanh temple there. And then Ngoc Son Temple, The Huc Bridge, Hoan Kiem Lake, Turtle Tower. And that area Vo Van Mieu, One Pillar Pagoda. 36 streets that also ...
And native Vietnam. Intact. If we do not forget and do not ever lose the people of Vietnam, though it reaches the end expatriation injustice. Vietnam forever. Vietnam forever ...
I'm from a countryside. I have to go to Ho Chi Minh City in order to learn. I have been living here for 2 years. And I see differ between the City and countryside.As you know the Saigon City has always been known to be a place of crowded and noisy as opposed to the countryside, where is a place of peace and quiet. It's too quiet to hear birdsong.Life in the city is full of activity. Early in the morning everybody rush out of their homes. Start a new day with a coffee. Soon the streets are full of traffic. Shop and offices open, students go to school. The day's work begins.
The leader I really and admire is (…say a name of poliian or a leader you know about…) who had great contributions to make our country a better place. He was a mainstream poliian for a long and was involved in active polis from his school life. He had great contribution in our freedom fight as well as in several other activities for the betterment of our nation. He lived from 1940 till 2000 and his death was a great lose for the nation.
He was an honest and brave poliian which has become rare in present days. He never compromised with the evil power of the polis and foreign powers. He had risked his life several times and with his bravery he had bought some advantageous changes in the country. He was an idol for the nations and for his honesty and bravery he is a well-known figure in the world.
He was an active member of the (...say a polial party name…) and never longed for power or fame. He could have easily gain a powerful position in the country but he had always led a simple and yet exemplary life.
I admire him for his unmatched contribution for the country and for the nation. We need many more leaders him and I regret the fact that we have only very few leaders him in our country. He was an ideal leader who has put his personal benefits away while he thought for the benefits of the country and the nation.
Pelé - the greatest football player of all time - was born on 23th October 1940 in Três Corações, Brazil. In 1999, he was voted World Player of the Century by the International Federation of Football History & Statiss (IFFHS). That same year, Pelé was elected Athlete of the Century by the International Olympic Committee. According to the IFFHS, Pelé is the most successful league goal-scorer in the world, scoring 1281 goals in 1363 games, which included unofficial friendlies and tour games. During his playing days, Pelé was for a period the best-paid athlete in the world. Pelé is the all-time leading goalscorer for Brazil with 77 goals in 92 games. Since retiring in 1977, Pelé has been a worldwide ambassador for football and has made many acting and commercial ventures. Throughout his career and in his retirement, Pelé received several individual and team awards for his performance in the field, his record-breaking achievements, and legacy in the sport
THAM KHẢO:
Christmas is well known all around the world for its special features. It occurs on 24 and 25th December but it starts from the beginning of the month. In Vietnam, Christmas has become more and more popular, especially to young people. On this day, people often decorate their houses and prepare presents,…Even so, many households in big cities buy the Christmas tree. They prepares and decorates it with colorful electric lights, gifts and and small bells. Children also love Christmas day so much. They prepare clean stocks for receiving the presents from the Santa Claus. Under the cover of darkness on 25th December night, people often go to the church to pray for best things or gather to share happiness together. In conclusion, Christmas day has become one of the most popular festivals in our country, brings a new color to the picture of a civilized religious culture in Viet Nam.
Tham khảo:
King Hung Temple Festival is a traditional festival that is considered the national festival in Vietnam. The festival commemorates the merit of the first King of Vietnam - Hung Kings. It's an occasion for every Vietnamese to remember their origin and express their respect as well as gratitude to the ancestors of Vietnamese people. It is from 8th to 11th of the third lunar month in Phu Tho Province. This festival is impressive because there are many people joining it. The main activities are: offering to Hung Kings, bamboo swings, Lion dances, wrestling and xoan singing performances. I like this festival very much because it is so meaningful and I also like its joyfulness. Joining the pilgrimage to the ancestral land of King Hung Temple these days has become a beautiful tradition of Vietnamese people.
Mona Lisa is a 16th century portrait painted with oil paint on a poplar panel in Florence by Leonardo da Vinci during the Renaissance of Italy.
The painting is a half-portrait and represents a woman whose facial expressions are often described as mysterious. The vagueness of the model's expression, the strangeness of the half-face, and the subtlety of formal patterns and illusion are the novelties that contribute to the charm of the image. pictures. Perhaps it was the most famous painting ever stolen and taken back to the Louvre. I it because I see the character in the painting as a mysterious embodiment of feminine eternity
Dịch:
Mona Lisa là một bức chân dung thế kỷ 16 được vẽ bằng sơn dầu trên một tấm gỗ dương tại Florence bởi Leonardo da Vinci trong thời kì Phục Hưng Italia.
Bức tranh là một bức chân dung nửa người và thể hiện một phụ nữ có những nét thể hiện trên khuôn mặt thường được miêu tả là bí ẩn. Sự mơ hồ trong nét thể hiện của người mẫu, sự lạ thường của thành phần nửa khuôn mặt, và sự huyền ảo của các kiểu mẫu hình thức và không khí hư ảo là những tính chất mới lạ góp phần vào sức mê hoặc của bức tranh. Có lẽ nó là bức tranh nổi tiếng nhất từng bị đánh cắp và được thu hồi về bảo tàng Louvre. tôi thích nó vì tôi thấy nhân vật trong bức tranh như một kiểu hiện thân bí ẩn của nữ tính vĩnh cửu
Mona Lisa is a 16th century portrait painted with oil paint on a poplar panel in Florence by Leonardo da Vinci during the Renaissance of Italy.
The painting is a half-portrait and represents a woman whose facial expressions are often described as mysterious. The vagueness of the model's expression, the strangeness of the half-face, and the subtlety of formal patterns and illusion are the novelties that contribute to the charm of the image. pictures. Perhaps it was the most famous painting ever stolen and taken back to the Louvre. I it because I see the character in the painting as a mysterious embodiment of feminine eternity
TIẾNG ANH :
The meaning of some pictures of the lake
Misery has a tail
Do high, married wife rung heaven
The cat just swung his alley
The ceremony sent soldiers to the place.
Four short verses, but the scene in the mice glorious glory about the beautiful wedding village. Wise, talented but still not escape the scene of the crook of the cats. It really does not work, because there are times when the cats do relatives with mice. Get out of the bribe but when the mouse, cats are still as usual. That detail shows the ingenuity of the ancients. The old Vietnamese people living in feudal societies did not dare to publicly attack, protest against corrupt officials, bully the good people, borrowed the picture of the mice to marry and indirectly condemned the mourners. show your attitude. The painting has the sea, the hoop, the belt, the shirt, the horse, the pink horse, the flower palette, the drummer is so great. But to get that happy scene, the rat family must bribe the cat. The painting not only hit the visitors but also criized the Le style examination, the Bao Dai period (1721) people who have money to pay into the so-called "business intelligence" to apply for examinations is not necessary to test . Many people go to the test, the farmer, the butcher, the trader ... a mess. In the examination room people turn over the books, the testers the market is meeting with the bargain buyer bargain. Those who are really talented are beaten, ignorant but have bribes, they are selected as mandarins. Having paid for a job, you have to find a way to get it back. Finally, only the black people bear the consequences, and the mandarins are full of bags. The meaning of some paintings
Đó là nét phác về bức tranh phong cảnh ngày Xuân ở làng quê Việt Nam xưa. Hàng năm, vào dịp Xuân về, mỗi gia đình người dân đất Việt lại lo sắm sửa Tết tươi. Ngoài bánh, mứt, dưa hành, câu đối đỏ…, gia đình nào cũng cố mua cho được một bức tranh dân gian (thường gọi là tranh Tết) để treo trong nhà. Bởi thế mới có câu: “Đì đẹt ngoài sân tràng pháo chuột/om sòm trên vách bức tranh gà”. Nổi tiếng trong số những làng tranh dân gian Việt Nam là làng tranh Đông Hồ (Hà Bắc). Với ngôn ngữ nghệ thuật đậm chất Folklore (dân gian) và kỹ thuật in tranh độc đáo, các “nghệ sĩ Đông Hồ” đã phản ánh một cách sinh động, chân thực cuộc sống xã hội và sinh hoạt của nhân dân. Bên cạnh đó, các nghệ sĩ dân gian còn khích lệ tinh thần yêu nước, lòng tự hào dân tộc; giáo dục điều hay, lẽ phải, yêu chính nghĩa, ghét gian tà; đồng thời phê phán những thói hư, tật xấu của bọn thống trị, cũng như những hủ tục trong nội bộ nhân dân… Tiêu biểu trong số những loại tranh đả kích, châm biếm là tranh Đám cưới chuột (ảnh 1).
Tranh Đám cưới chuột.
Tranh dân gian Đám cưới chuột (còn có tên gọi Trạng chuột vinh quy) là một trong số những tranh độc đáo của làng tranh Đông Hồ. Mới nhìn thoáng qua, người xem thấy bức tranh diễn tả một đám cưới “quan trạng chuột” khá long trọng, đông vui. Giữa không khí kèn - trống, cờ quạt, mũ mão - cân đai, “chuột anh” cưỡi ngựa hồng đi trước, “chuột nàng” ngồi kiệu theo sau. Lũ lượt theo hầu hạ, đón rước là đông đảo họ hàng nhà…. chuột. Tuy vậy, nếu nhìn kỹ bức tranh, người xem tranh sẽ thấy ngay vẻ sợ hãi, thấp thỏm, ngơ ngác, mắt lấm la lấm lét, ngó trước, nhìn sau của họ nhà chuột. Tinh ý hơn chút nữa, người xem sẽ thấy một gã mèo già nằm ở góc trên, bên phải bức tranh. Dáng điệu của “gã” mèo già như đang gầm gừ, ra oai, vểnh râu, giơ tay lên như đang dọa dẫm… Đối diện trước mặt mèo già là “đại diện” họ nhà chuột đang “cống nộp” phẩm vật là những “đặc sản cao lương mỹ vị” mà họ nhà mèo cực kỳ ưa thích, như: chim câu, cá chép… Đáng lưu ý là những chữ Hán in trên bức tranh, như: Miêu (mèo), Tống lễ (lễ biếu), Tác nhạc (tấu nhạc), Lão thử (con chuột), Thủ thân (giữ mình), Chủ hôn (đứng đầu hôn lễ), Ngênh hôn (đón dâu)… Bất giác, người xem tranh lại nhớ đến câu: “Con mèo trèo lên cây cau/Hỏi thăm chú chuột đi đâu vắng nhà?/ Chú chuột đi chợ đường xa/Mua mắm, mua cá giỗ cha chú mèo”.
Thì ra, ý nghĩa của bức tranh là ở đây. Chuột - mèo vốn là đại diện “hai dòng họ” có mối thâm thù truyền kiếp. Chuột vốn sợ mèo. Muốn thoát khỏi nanh vuốt của mèo già; muốn tổ chức ngày vui của mình được trọn vẹn, họ nhà chuột phải bày đặt đủ thứ lễ vật để “kính biếu” lão mèo già. Ý tưởng sâu xa của Đám cưới chuột là chất châm biếm, đả kích sâu cay, lên án, tố cáo tệ nạn nhũng nhiễu, tham ô, hối lộ, ăn của đút lót của bọn quan lại phong kiến thống trị. Đám cưới chuột cũng là tiếng cười hóm hỉnh, lời mỉa mai cay nghiệt của những người “dân đen” đối với những kẻ tự xưng là “đấng phụ mẫu chi dân”. Đồng thời, đây cũng là “nụ cười Xuân” bình dân nhưng không kém bác học, đầy ý vị và đậm “không khí Xuân”.
Dùng hình tượng chuột - mèo để ám chỉ, đả kích, tố cáo bọn quan lại thống trị không chỉ có ở tranh dân gian Việt Nam, mà còn có ở tranh dân gian của nhiều quốc gia trên thế giới. Có thể đơn cử như ở Đức có tranh Mèo và chú chuột; ở Nga có tranh Chuột làm ma cho mèo… Ngoài ra, tại Trung Quốc, Ấn Độ, Ai Cập… cũng có những tranh khắc gỗ dân gian có nội dung chuột - mèo tương tự. Tuy nhiên, tranh dân gian Đám cưới chuột (Wedding ceremony among mice) của làng tranh Đông Hồ - Việt Nam vẫn là một trong số những bức tranh hay, đẹp và có nét độc đáo riêng. Theo đó, về bố cục, Đám cưới chuột không theo kiểu bố cục kiểu hàn lâm (Academique) và Luật viễn cận (xa-gần) của châu Âu, mà theo kiểu bố cục bình đồ dân gian. Bức tranh phân làm 2 tuyến. Tuyến trước (gần) là chuột anh, chuột nàng và quân sĩ theo hầu. Tuyến sau (xa) là “phái đoàn họ nhà chuột” đi “lót tay” cho lão mèo già. Bố cục hai tuyến gần như cân bằng trên - dưới nhưng vẫn không bị “phạm luật” cắt đôi bức tranh. Lão mèo già mặc dù được bố trí ở góc trên bức tranh, song đây là “nhân vật trung tâm” nên vẫn được các tác giả dân gian tập trung tạo thành “điểm vàng” của tranh, tạo sự chú ý tập trung của người xem. Đáng lưu ý, chất liệu tạo nên Đám cưới chuột cũng đậm chất dân dã: Ván khắc tranh được làm bằng gỗ thị, giấy in tranh là loại giấy dó (làm từ cây dó); màu in tranh chế từ các loài thảo mộc, khoáng sản… Theo đó, bảng màu trong tranh Đám cưới chuột thật giản dị, với màu vàng của hoa hòe, màu xanh của lá chàm, màu trắng chế từ vỏ con diệp… Thế nhưng, chỉ với những chất liệu dân dã “quê mùa” trên, các nghệ sĩ làng Đông Hồ đã tạo cho Đám cưới chuột trở thành bức tranh Tết độc đáo và đậm không khí Xuân.
Đám cưới chuột qua tem Bưu chính Việt Nam.
Đặc biệt, Đám cưới chuột đã được chọn để thực hiện thành tem bưu chính Việt Nam. Theo đó, ngay từ năm 1972, ngành Bưu điện Việt Nam đã quyết định cho thực hiện bộ tem “Tranh dân gian”. Bộ tem do hai họa sĩ Đỗ Việt Tuấn và Đặng Quang Lạc thực hiện. Bộ tem gồm có 6 mẫu tem, thể hiện, giới thiệu 6 bức tranh dân gian đặc sắc của Việt Nam, trong đó có các tranh: Đám cưới chuột, Rước trống, Đánh vật, Thầy đồ cóc, Hứng dừa, Đánh ghen. Bộ tem này có mã số 264 và được phát hành vào ngày 30.1.1972 (ảnh 2). Trải qua hơn 35 năm, giờ đây, bộ tem Tranh dân gian và con tem Đám cưới chuột nói riêng đã trở thành những bộ tem, con tem quý hiếm đối với giới sưu tập. Ngoài ra, với chủ trương của Đảng, Nhà nước về cuộc đấu tranh phòng, chống tham nhũng, tiêu cực hiện nay, Đám cưới chuột lại càng có “ý nghĩa thời sự” sâu sắc.
Xuân Mậu Tý đã đến gần. Mong sao Tết con chuột năm nay, bức tranh dân gian Đám cưới chuột sẽ lại được “tái bản”, để đến với mỗi gia đình người dân đất Việt, góp phần làm cho không khí Xuân càng thêm đậm chất Xuân…