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1.
\(\left(\dfrac{-2}{3}\right).0,75+1\dfrac{2}{3}:\left(\dfrac{-4}{9}\right)+\left(\dfrac{-1}{2}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{-2}{3}\right).\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{5}{3}.\left(\dfrac{9}{-4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{45}{-12}+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=-\dfrac{6}{12}+\dfrac{-45}{12}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{-48}{12}\)
\(=-4\)
2.
a) \(\dfrac{3}{4}-\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{-1}{20}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{20}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{20}-\dfrac{10}{20}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-11}{20}\)
b) \(\left|x-\dfrac{2}{5}\right|+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-\dfrac{2}{5}\right|=\dfrac{11}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-\dfrac{2}{5}\right|=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{2}{5}=-2\Rightarrow x=-2+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{-8}{5}\\x-\dfrac{2}{5}=2\Rightarrow x=2+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{12}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3.
a) \(\dfrac{16}{2^n}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^n=16:2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^n=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^n=2^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n=3\)
b) \(\dfrac{\left(-3\right)^n}{81}=-27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-3\right)^n=\left(-27\right).81\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-3\right)^n=\left(-3\right)^3.\left(-3\right)^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-3\right)^n=\left(-3\right)^7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n=7\)
4. Ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{10}=\dfrac{y}{15}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{15}=\dfrac{z}{12}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\dfrac{x}{10}=\dfrac{y}{15}=\dfrac{z}{12}\)
Vì \(x-y+x=-49\) ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{10}=\dfrac{y}{15}=\dfrac{z}{12}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{10-15+12}=\dfrac{-49}{7}=-7\)
Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\left(-7\right).10=-70\\y=\left(-7\right).15=-105\\z=\left(-7\right).12=-84\end{matrix}\right.\)
a,
\(\dfrac{\left(3^3\right)^{15}.5^3.\left(2^3\right)^4}{\left(5^2\right)^2.\left(3^4\right)^{11}.2^{11}}=\dfrac{3^{45}.5^3.2^{12}}{5^4.3^{44}.2^{11}}=\dfrac{6}{5}\)
b, \(\left(-\dfrac{14}{25}\right)^2.\dfrac{125}{49}+\left(-3\dfrac{11}{36}\right).2\dfrac{2}{17}=\dfrac{4}{5}.\left(-7\right)=-\dfrac{28}{5}\)
c, \(\dfrac{1}{3}-2.1=-\dfrac{5}{3}\)
a, \(\dfrac{20^5.5^{10}}{100^5}=\dfrac{20^5.5^{10}}{\left(20.5\right)^5}=\dfrac{20^5.5^{10}}{20^5.5^5}=5^5\)
b,\(\dfrac{\left(0,9\right)^5}{\left(0,3\right)^6}=\dfrac{\left(0,3.3\right)^5}{\left(0,3\right)^6}=\dfrac{\left(0,3\right)^5.3^5}{\left(0,3\right)^6}=\dfrac{3^5}{\left(0,3\right)}\)
a)\(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n=\dfrac{1}{32}\)
=>\(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^5\)
=>n=5
b)\(\left(\dfrac{343}{125}\right)=\left(\dfrac{7}{5}\right)^n\)
=>\(\left(\dfrac{7}{5}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{7}{5}\right)^n\)
=>n=3
c)\(\dfrac{16}{2^n}=2\)
=>2n=\(\dfrac{16}{2}\)
=>2n=8
=>2n=23
=>n=3
d)\(\dfrac{\left(-3\right)^n}{81}=-27\)
=>(-3)n=-27.81
=>(-3)n=-2187
=>(-3)n=(-3)7
=>n=7
e)8n:2n=4
=>(23)n:2n=4
=>23n:2n=4
=>23n-n=4
=>22n=4
=>22n=22
=>2n=2
=>n=1
f)32.3n=35
=>3n=35:32
=>3n=35-2
=>3n=33
=>n=3
g) (22:4).2n=4
=>1.2n=22
=>n=2
h)3-2.34.3n=37
=>\(\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2\).34.3n=37
=>32.3n=37
=>32+n=37
=>2+n=7
=>n=5
a, \(\left|3x-4\right|+\left|3y+5\right|=0\)
Ta có :
\(\left|3x-4\right|\ge0\forall x;\left|3y+5\right|\ge0\forall x\\ \)
\(\Rightarrow\left|3x-4\right|+\left|3y+5\right|\ge0\forall x\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-4=0\\3y+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=4\\3y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{5}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy.........\)
b, \(\left|x+\dfrac{19}{5}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{1890}{1975}\right|+\left|z-2004\right|=0\)
Ta có :
\(\left|x+\dfrac{19}{5}\right|\ge0\forall x;\left|y+\dfrac{1890}{1975}\right|\ge0\forall y;\left|z-2004\right|\ge0\forall z \)
\(\left|x+\dfrac{19}{5}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{1890}{1975}\right|+\left|z-2004\right|\ge0\forall x;y;z\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{19}{5}=0\\y+\dfrac{1890}{1975}=0\\z-2004=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{19}{5}\\y=-\dfrac{1890}{1975}\\z=2004\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy............\)
c, \(\left|x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right|+\left|z+\dfrac{7}{2}\right|\le0\)
Ta có : \(\left|x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right|\ge0\forall x;\left|y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right|\ge0\forall y;\left|z+\dfrac{7}{2}\right|\ge0\forall z\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right|+\left|z+\dfrac{7}{2}\right|\ge0\forall x;y;z\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right|+\left|z+\dfrac{7}{2}\right|\ge0\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{9}{2}=0\\y+\dfrac{4}{3}=0\\z+\dfrac{7}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{9}{2}\\y=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\z=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy............\)
d, \(\left|x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right|+\left|y-\dfrac{1}{5}\right|+\left|x+y+z\right|=0\)
Ta có :
\(\left|x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right|\ge0\forall x;\left|y-\dfrac{1}{5}\right|\ge0\forall y;\left|x+y+z\right|\ge0\forall x;y;z\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right|+\left|y-\dfrac{1}{5}\right|+\left|x+y+z\right|\ge0\forall x;y;z\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{3}{4}=0\\y-\dfrac{1}{5}=0\\x+y+z=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{4}\\y=\dfrac{1}{5}\\z=0-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{11}{20}\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy.......\)
e, Câu cuối bn làm tương tự như câu a, b, c nhé!
a) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^m=\dfrac{1}{81}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1^m}{3^m}=\dfrac{1}{81}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{3^m}=\dfrac{1}{3^4}\)
\(\Rightarrow m=4\)
b) \(\left(\dfrac{3}{5}\right)^n=\left(\dfrac{9}{25}\right)^5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{3}{5}\right)^n=\left[\left(\dfrac{3}{5}\right)^2\right]^5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{3}{5}\right)^n=\left(\dfrac{3}{5}\right)^{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow n=10\)
c) \(\left(-0,25\right)^p=\dfrac{1}{256}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{-1}{4}\right)^p=\dfrac{1}{256}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{-1}{4}\right)^p=\dfrac{1}{4^4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{-1}{4}\right)^p=\left(\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^4\)
\(\Rightarrow p=4\)
a) \(2^{-1}\cdot2^n+4\cdot2^n=9\cdot2^5\)
\(\Rightarrow2^n\cdot\left(2^{-1}+4\right)=9\cdot2^5\)
\(\Rightarrow2^n\cdot4,5=288\)
\(\Rightarrow2^n=64\)
\(\Rightarrow n=6\)
b) \(2^m-2^n=1984\)
\(\Rightarrow2^n\cdot\left(2^{m-n}-1\right)=2^6\cdot31\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2^n=2^6\\2^{m-n}-1=31\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n=6\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{m-n}=32\Rightarrow m-n=5\Rightarrow m=11\)