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Ta có:
\(C=2x^2+3y^2+4xy-8x-2y+18\)
\(C=2\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+y^2-8x-2y+18\)
\(C=2[\left(x+y\right)^2-4\left(x+y\right)+4]+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)+1\)
\(C=2\left(x+y-2\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x+y=2\)và \(y=-3\)
Hay x = 5 , y = -3
Lời giải:
$A=(x^2+4y^2+4xy)+x^2+5-8x-12y$
$=(x+2y)^2-6(x+2y)+x^2+5-2x$
$=(x+2y)^2-6(x+2y)+9+(x^2-2x+1)-5$
$=(x+2y-3)^2+(x-1)^2-5\geq 0+0-5=-5$
Vậy $A_{\min}=-5$. Giá trị này đạt được khi $x+2y-3=x-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=1; y=1$
a) \(M=x^2-3x+10\)
\(M=x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot x+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{31}{4}\)
\(M=\left(x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)+\dfrac{31}{4}\)
\(M=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{31}{4}\)
Mà: \(\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\) nên: \(M=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{31}{4}\ge\dfrac{31}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra
\(\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{31}{4}=\dfrac{31}{4}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy: \(M_{min}=\dfrac{31}{4}\) với \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b) \(N=2x^2+5y^2+4xy+8x-4y-100\)
\(N=x^2+x^2+4y^2+y^2+4xy+8x-4y-120+16+4\)
\(N=\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2+8x+16\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-120\)
\(N=\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-120\)
Mà:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x+4\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) nên \(N=\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-120\ge120\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2y\right)^2=0\\\left(x+4\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-4+2y=0\\x=-4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\x=-4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(N_{min}=120\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
3x^2+3y^2+4xy-2x+2y+2=0
=>2x^2+4xy+2y^2+x^2-2x+1+y^2+2y+1=0
=>x=1 và y=-1
M=(1-1)^2017+(1-2)^2018+(-1+1)^2015=1
\(A=2x^2+3y^2+4xy-8x-2y+18\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=4x^2+6y^2+8xy-16x-4y+36\)
\(=\left(4x^2+8xy+4y^2\right)-8\left(2x+2y\right)+16+2y^2+12y+18+2\)
\(=\left(2x+2y\right)^2-8\left(2x+2y\right)+16+2\left(y^2+6y+9\right)+2\)
\(=\left(2x+2y-4\right)^2+2\left(y+3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge1\forall x;y\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+2y-4=0\\y+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-10=0\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=5;y=-3\)
Vậy ...
2x^2+3y^2+4xy-8x-2y+18
=2(x^2 + 2xy + y^2) + y^2 -8x -2y + 18
=2(x+y)^2 +2(-4x-4y)+8+( y^2 + 6y +9)+1
= 2[(x+y)2 - 4(x + y) +4] + ( y^2 + 6y +9) + 1
= 2(x + y - 2)^2 + (y+3)^2 + 1
Vậy min = 1 khi x = 5; y = -3
\(A=x^4+2x^2-8x+2019\) \(=x^4-2x^2+1+4x^2-8x+4+2014\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)^2+4\left(x-1\right)^2+2014\ge2014\forall x\)
" = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
a)
\(A=4x-x^2+3=-\left(x^2-4x-3\right)=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
Daaus = xayr ra khi: x = 2
b) \(B=4x^2-12x+15=4\left(x^2-3x+9\right)-21=4\left(x-3\right)^2-21\ge-21\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x = 3
c) \(C=4x^2+2y^2-4xy-4y+1=\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-3=\left(2x-y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi
2x = y và y = 2
=> x = 1 và y = 2
a) A = \(-x^2+4x+3=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
Dấu "=" <=> x = 2
b) \(4x^2-12x+15=\left(2x-3\right)^2+6\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
c) \(4x^2+2y^2-4xy-4y+1\)
= \(\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-3\)
= \(\left(2x-y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
Dấu "=" <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=2\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)+\dfrac{8067}{4}\)
\(A=2\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{8067}{4}\ge\dfrac{8067}{4}\)
\(A_{min}=\dfrac{8067}{4}\) khi \(x=y=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Lời giải:
$A=5x^2+y^2+4xy-2x-2y+2020$
$=(4x^2+y^2+4xy)+x^2-2x-2y+2020$
$=(2x+y)^2-2(2x+y)+x^2+2x+2020$
$=(2x+y)^2-2(2x+y)+1+(x^2+2x+1)+2018$
$=(2x+y-1)^2+(x+1)^2+2018\geq 2018$
Vậy GTNN của $A$ là $2018$. Giá trị này đạt tại $2x+y-1=0$ và $x+1=0$
Hay $x=-1; y=3$