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\(1.5x\left(x^2+2x-1\right)-3x^2\left(x-2\right)=5x^3+10x^2-5x-3x^3+6x^2\)
\(=2x^3+16x^2-5x\)
\(=\left(2x^3-x\right)+\left(16x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=x\left(2x^2-1\right)+4x\left(4x-1\right)\left(ĐCCM\right)\)
\(x^4-y^4\)
\(=\left(x^2\right)^2-\left(y^2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(125x^3-1\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^3-1^3\)
\(=\left(5x-1\right)\left(25x^2+5x+1\right)\)
\(x^3+1-x^2-x\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-x\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(x+y-x^3-y^3\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(1-x^2+xy-y^2\right)\)
a)\(x^2y-x^3-9y+9y\)
\(=x^2\left(y-x\right)-9\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-9\right)\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(y-x\right)\)
\(b,9x^2-1=\left(3x+1\right)\left(3x-1\right)\)
\(c,\left(x-y\right)4-4=\left(x-y-1\right)4\)
\(1,x^2y-x^3-9y+9x=x^2\left(y-x\right)-9\left(y-x\right).\)
\(\left(y-x\right)\left(x^2-9\right)=\left(y-x\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(2,9x^2-1=\left(3x\right)^2-1^2=\left(3x+1\right)\left(3x-1\right)\)
\(3,\left(x-y\right)4-4=4\left(x-y-1\right)\)
\(4,\)\(9\left(x-y\right)^2=3^2\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(3x-3y\right)^2\)
\(5,3x^2-6ab+3b^2-12c^2???\)
\(6,x^2-25+y^2+2xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-25\)
\(=\left(x+y-5\right)\left(x+y+5\right)\)
Lời giải:
Những bài này sử dụng những hằng đẳng thức đáng nhớ.
Vì $x=-2$ nên $x+2=0$. Ta có:
\(A=(2x-3)^2-(x-3)^3+(4x+1)[(4x)^2-4x.1+1^2]\)
\(=(2x-3)^2-(x-3)^3+(4x)^3+1^3\)
\(=[2(x+2)-7]^2-(x+2-5)^3+8x^3+1\)
\(=(-7)^2-(-5)^3+8.(-2)^3+1=111\)
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\(B=(3x-y)^3-[x^3+(2y)^3]+(x+3)^2\)
\(=(3.1-2)^3-(1^3+8.2^3)+(1+3)^2=-48\)
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Vì $x=\frac{1}{2}; y=\frac{-1}{2}\Rightarrow x+y=0$
\(C=(x-5y)^2+(2x-3y)^3-(x-y)^3-[(2x)^3+(3y)^3]\)
\(=(x+y-6y)^2+[2(x+y)-5y]^3-(x+y-2y)^3-[8(x^3+y^3)+19y^3]\)
\(=(-6y)^2+(-5y)^3-(-2y)^3-19y^3\)
\(=36y^2-136y^3=36.(\frac{-1}{2})^2-136(\frac{-1}{2})^3=26\)
TL:
\(4x^2-y^2+4x+1\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1+y\right)\left(2x-1-y\right)\)
\(x^3-x+y^3-y\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+x^2\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+x^2-1\right)\)