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a) x2 - 2x - 4y2 - 4y
= (x2 - 4y2) - (2x + 4y)
= (x + 2y)(x - 2y) - 2(x + 2y)
= (x + 2y)(x - 2y - 2)
= (x + 2y)[x - 2(y + 1)]
b) x4 + 2x3 - 4x - 4
= (x4 - 4) + ( 2x3 - 4x)
= (x2 - 2)(x2 + 2) + 2x(x2 - 2)
= (x2 - 2)(x2 + 2 + 2x)
c) x3 + 2x2y - x -2y
= (x3 - x) + (2x2y - 2y)
= x(x2 - 1) + 2y(x2 - 1)
= (x + 2y)(x2 - 1)
1,4x2.(5x3+2x-1)
=4x2.5x3+4x2.2x-4x2.1
20x5+8x3-4x2
2,4x3y2:x2
=4xy2
3,(15x2y3-10x3y3+6xy):5xy
15x2y3:5xy-10x3y3:5xy+6xy:5xy
3xy2-2x2y2+\(\dfrac{6}{5}\)
1: \(=20x^5+8x^3-4x^2\)
2: \(=4xy^2\)
3: \(=3xy^2-2x^2y^2+\dfrac{6}{5}\)
4: \(=\dfrac{5x^3+10x^2+4x^2+8x+4x+8}{x+2}=5x^2+4x+4\)
5: \(=\dfrac{7}{2x}+\dfrac{11}{3y^2}=\dfrac{21y^2+22x}{6xy^2}\)
6: \(=\dfrac{4x^2-7x+3}{\left(4x-7\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
7: \(=\dfrac{3x+3y-2x^3+2x^2y}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
8: \(=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2y^2\left(4x^2-y^2\right)=2x^4y^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x^2y^4\)
9: \(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\left(4x-1\right)=4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2=4\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(=4x^2-2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
10: \(=\dfrac{3x^2+6-x}{x\left(2x+6\right)}=\dfrac{2x+6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x}\)
11: \(=\dfrac{x+1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-7}{2\left(x-1\right)}\)
12: \(=\dfrac{x^2-xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{x}{x+y}\)
15:=x^3-y^3+2
1: \(=20x^5+8x^3-4x^2\)
2: \(=4xy^2\)
3: \(=3xy^2-2x^2y^2+\dfrac{6}{5}\)
4: \(=\dfrac{5x^3+10x^2+4x^2+8x+4x+8}{x+2}=5x^2+4x+4\)
5: \(=\dfrac{7}{2x}+\dfrac{11}{3y^2}=\dfrac{21y^2+22x}{6xy^2}\)
6: \(=\dfrac{4x^2-7x+3}{\left(4x-7\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
7: \(=\dfrac{3x+3y-2x^3+2x^2y}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
8: \(=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2y^2\left(4x^2-y^2\right)=2x^4y^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x^2y^4\)
9: \(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\left(4x-1\right)=4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2=4\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(=4x^2-2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
10: \(=\dfrac{3x^2+6-x}{x\left(2x+6\right)}=\dfrac{2x+6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x}\)
11: \(=\dfrac{x+1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-7}{2\left(x-1\right)}\)
12: \(=\dfrac{x^2-xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{x}{x+y}\)
15:=x^3-y^3+2
a ) \(x^2-x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta có : \(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy GTNN là \(\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}.\)
Bài 1: Thực hiện phép tính
a) 3x(2x2 - 5x + 9) = \(6x^3-15x^2+27x\)
b) 5x(x2-xy+1) = \(5x^3-5xy+5x\)
c) -2/3x2y(3xy-x2+y) = \(-2x^3y^2+\dfrac{2}{3}x^4y-\dfrac{2}{3}x^2y^2\)
2) Thực hiện phép tính
a) (5x-2y) (x2-xy+1) = \(5x^3+5x-7y-2x^3y+2xy^2\)
b) (x+3y)(x2-2xy+y) = \(x^3-x^2y+xy+6xy^2+y^2\)
c) (3x-5y) (4x+ 7y) = \(12x^2-xy-35y^2\)
Bài 3: Rút gọn các biểu thức sau(bằng cách khai triển hằng đẳng thức):
a) (x+y)2+(x-y)2
= \(x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2\)
= \(\left(x^2+x^2\right)+\left(2xy-2xy\right)+\left(y^2+y^2\right)\)
= \(2x^2+2y^2=2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
b) (x+2)(x-2)-(x-3)(x+1)
= \(x^2-4\) - \(\left(x^2-2x-3\right)\)= \(x^2-4-x^2+2x+3\)
= \(\left(x^2-x^2\right)+2x+\left(-4+3\right)\)=\(2x-1\)
c) (x-2)(x+2)-(x-2)2
=>\(x^2-4-\left(x^2-2.x.2+2^2\right)=x^2-4-x^2-4x+4=\left(x^2-x^2\right)+\left(-4+4\right)-4x=-4x\)
d) (2x+y)(4x2-2xy+y2)-(2x-y)(4x2+2xy+y2)
= \(8x^3+y^3-\left(8x^3-y^3\right)\)
= \(8x^3+y^3-8x^3+y^3\)
= \(\left(8x^3-8x^3\right)+\left(y^3+y^3\right)\)= \(2y^3\)
\(1.5x\left(x^2+2x-1\right)-3x^2\left(x-2\right)=5x^3+10x^2-5x-3x^3+6x^2\)
\(=2x^3+16x^2-5x\)
\(=\left(2x^3-x\right)+\left(16x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=x\left(2x^2-1\right)+4x\left(4x-1\right)\left(ĐCCM\right)\)