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1) \(P=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+\frac{3}{5^4}+...+\frac{11}{5^{12}}\)
\(5P=\frac{1}{5^1}+\frac{2}{5^2}+\frac{3}{5^3}+...+\frac{11}{5^{11}}\)
\(5P-P=\frac{1}{5^1}+\left(\frac{2}{5^2}-\frac{1}{5^2}\right)+\left(\frac{3}{5^3}-\frac{2}{5^3}\right)+...+\left(\frac{11}{5^{11}}-\frac{10}{5^{11}}\right)-\frac{11}{5^{12}}\)
\(4P=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{11}}-\frac{11}{5^{12}}\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{11}}\)
\(5A=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{10}}\)
\(5A-A=1+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}-\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{10}}-\frac{1}{5^{11}}\)
\(4A=1-\frac{1}{5^{11}}\Rightarrow A=\frac{1-\frac{1}{5^{11}}}{4}\)
\(4P=\frac{1-\frac{1}{5^{11}}}{4}-\frac{11}{5^{12}}=\frac{1-\frac{1}{5^{11}}}{16}-\frac{11}{5^{12}\cdot4}< \frac{1}{16}\)
bài khó nhất nhé
2. Ta có :
\(P=\frac{1}{49}+\frac{2}{48}+\frac{3}{47}+...+\frac{48}{2}+\frac{49}{1}\)
cộng vào 48 phân số đầu với 1, trừ phân số cuối đi 48 ta được :
\(P=\left(\frac{1}{49}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2}{48}+1\right)+\left(\frac{3}{47}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{48}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{49}{1}-48\right)\)
\(P=\frac{50}{49}+\frac{50}{48}+\frac{50}{47}+...+\frac{50}{2}+\frac{50}{50}\)
\(P=\frac{50}{50}+\frac{50}{49}+\frac{50}{48}+...+\frac{50}{2}\)
\(P=50.\left(\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{48}+...+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{S}{P}=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{48}+\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{50}}{50.\left(\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{48}+...+\frac{1}{2}\right)}=\frac{1}{50}\)
Ta có:\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{2012^2}>0\)
Vì: \(\frac{1}{2^2}<\frac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}>\frac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\frac{1}{4^2}>\frac{1}{3.4}\)
..........
\(\frac{1}{2012^2}>\frac{1}{2011.2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow A<\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2011.2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow A<1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2011}-\frac{1}{2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow A<1-\frac{1}{2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow A<1\)
Vì A>0;A<1
=>A không phải số tự nhiên
=>ĐPCM
Quy đồng A lên thì tử số chia hết cho 20112 còn mẫu số không chia hết cho 20112 vì có \(\frac{1}{2011^2}\) khi quy đồng thì tử không chia hết cho 20112
Vậy A không phải là số tự nhiên
Bài 1 :
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{10^{17}+1}{10^{18}+1}=\frac{\left(10^{17}+1\right).10}{\left(10^{18}+1\right).10}=\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}\)
Mà : \(\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}>\frac{10^{18}+1}{10^{19}+1}\)
Mà \(A=\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}\)nên \(A>B\)
Vậy \(A>B\)
Bài 2 :
Ta có :
\(S=\frac{2013}{2014}+\frac{2014}{2015}+\frac{2015}{2016}+\frac{2016}{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{2014-1}{2014}+\frac{2015-1}{2015}+\frac{2016-1}{2016}+\frac{2013+3}{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=1-\frac{1}{2014}+1-\frac{1}{2015}+1-\frac{1}{2016}+1+\frac{3}{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=4+\frac{3}{2013}-\left(\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{2013}>\frac{1}{2014}>\frac{1}{2015}>\frac{1}{2016}\)nên \(\frac{3}{2013}-\left(\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)>0\)
Nên : \(M>4\)
Vậy \(M>4\)
Bài 3 :
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+.......+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
Suy ra : \(A< \frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{2.4}+\frac{1}{3.5}+....+\frac{1}{99.101}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{2.4}+......+\frac{2}{99.101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{3}-......-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left[\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+.....+\frac{1}{99}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+......+\frac{1}{101}\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(A< \frac{3}{4}\)
Bài 4 :
\(a)A=\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+....+\frac{1}{2015.2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+.....+\frac{1}{2015.2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+.....+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1008}{2017}\)
Vậy \(A=\frac{1008}{2017}\)
\(b)\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+......+\frac{1}{x\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{1008}{2017}\)
\(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+......+\frac{2}{x.\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+.....+\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=1-\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+2=2017\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2017-2=2015\)
Vậy \(x=2015\)
chịu lun
mk chỉ biết tính tổng ra
rồi chứng tỏ thôi
chúc bn học giỏi!
thanks@
\(M=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{99^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{98.99}\)
\(\Rightarrow M< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{98}-\frac{1}{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow M< 1-\frac{1}{99}< 1\)
Dễ thấy M > 0 nên 0 < M < 1
Vậy M không là số tự nhiên.
\(S=\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+\frac{1}{53}+...+\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{100}+\frac{1}{100}+\frac{1}{100}+...+\frac{1}{100}\) (50 số hạng \(\frac{1}{100}\))
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{100}.50=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(S>\frac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Câu 1 :
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{3}{4}+\frac{8}{9}+\frac{15}{16}+...+\frac{9999}{10000}\)
\(A=\frac{4-1}{4}+\frac{9-1}{9}+\frac{16-1}{16}+...+\frac{10000-1}{10000}\)
\(A=\frac{2^2-1}{2^2}+\frac{3^2-1}{3^2}+\frac{4^2-1}{4^2}+...+\frac{100^2-1}{100^2}\)
\(A=\frac{2^2}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{3^2}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{4^2}{4^2}-\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{100^2}{100^2}-\frac{1}{100^2}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2^2}+1-\frac{1}{3^2}+1-\frac{1}{4^2}+...+1-\frac{1}{100^2}\)
\(A=\left(1+1+1+...+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\right)\)
Do từ \(2\) đến \(100\) có \(100-2+1=99\) số \(1\) nên :
\(A=99-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\right)< 99\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Đặt \(B=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\) lại có :
\(B< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(B< \frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(B< 1-\frac{1}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(A=99-B>99-1=98\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(A>98\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra :
\(98< A< 99\)
Vậy A không phải là số nguyên
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
Bài 2 a) \(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{97}-\frac{1}{99}=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{99}\)
\(=\frac{31}{99}\)