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Bài 2:
\(M=x^2-2xy+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(-3\right)^2=9\)
\(N=x^2+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2+2xy=9+2.10=29\)
\(P=x^3-3x^2y+3xy^2-y^3=\left(x-y\right)^3=\left(-3\right)^3=-27\)
\(Q=x^3-y^3=\left(x-y\right)^3+3xy\left(x-y\right)=\left(-3\right)^3+3.10.\left(-3\right)=-117\)
Bài 1:
a) \(A=x^2+2xy+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2=\left(-1\right)^2=1\)
b) \(B=x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=\left(-1\right)^2-2.\left(-12\right)=25\)
c) \(C=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3=\left(-1\right)^3=-1\)
d) \(D=x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)=\left(-1\right)^3-3.\left(-12\right).\left(-1\right)=-37\)
1) x2 + x - y2 + y = (x2 - y2) + (x + y) = (x - y)(x + y) + (x + y) = (x - y + 1)(x + y)
2) 4x2 - 9y2 + 4x - 6y = (4x2 - 9y2) + (4x - 6y) = (2x - 3y)(2x + 3y) + 2(2x - 3y) = (2x - 3y)(2x + 3y + 2)
3) x2 + x + y2 + y + 2xy = (x2 + 2xy + y2) + (x + y) = (x + y)2 + (x + y) = (x + y)(x + y + 1)
4) -x2 + 5x + 2xy - 5y - y2 = -(x2 - 2xy + y2) + (5x - 5y) = -(x - y)2 + 5(x - y) = (x - y)(y - x + 5)
5) x2 - y2 + 2x + 1 = (x2 + 2x + 1) - y2 = (x + 1)2 - y2 = (x + 1 + y)(x - y + 1)
6) x2 - 1 - y2 + 2y = x2 - (y2 - 2y + 1) = x2 - (y - 1)2 = (x - y + 1)(x + y - 1)
7) x2 + 2xz - y2 + 2uy + z2 - u2 =(x2 + 2xz + z2) - (y2 - 2uy + u2) = (x + z)2 - (y - u)2 = (x + z - y + u)(x + z + y - u)
8) x3 + 3x2y + x + 3xy2 + y + y3 = (x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3) + (x + y) = (x + y)3 + (x + y) = (x + y)(x2 + 2xy + y2 + 1)
9) x3 + y(1 - 3x2) + x(3y2 - 1) - y3 = x3 + y - 3x2y + 3xy2 - x - y3 = (x3 - 3x2y + 3xy2 - y3) - (x - y) = (x - y)3 - (x - y) = (x - y)(x2 - 2xy+y2-1)
Bài 1: Thực hiện phép tính
a) 3x(2x2 - 5x + 9) = \(6x^3-15x^2+27x\)
b) 5x(x2-xy+1) = \(5x^3-5xy+5x\)
c) -2/3x2y(3xy-x2+y) = \(-2x^3y^2+\dfrac{2}{3}x^4y-\dfrac{2}{3}x^2y^2\)
2) Thực hiện phép tính
a) (5x-2y) (x2-xy+1) = \(5x^3+5x-7y-2x^3y+2xy^2\)
b) (x+3y)(x2-2xy+y) = \(x^3-x^2y+xy+6xy^2+y^2\)
c) (3x-5y) (4x+ 7y) = \(12x^2-xy-35y^2\)
Bài 3: Rút gọn các biểu thức sau(bằng cách khai triển hằng đẳng thức):
a) (x+y)2+(x-y)2
= \(x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2\)
= \(\left(x^2+x^2\right)+\left(2xy-2xy\right)+\left(y^2+y^2\right)\)
= \(2x^2+2y^2=2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
b) (x+2)(x-2)-(x-3)(x+1)
= \(x^2-4\) - \(\left(x^2-2x-3\right)\)= \(x^2-4-x^2+2x+3\)
= \(\left(x^2-x^2\right)+2x+\left(-4+3\right)\)=\(2x-1\)
c) (x-2)(x+2)-(x-2)2
=>\(x^2-4-\left(x^2-2.x.2+2^2\right)=x^2-4-x^2-4x+4=\left(x^2-x^2\right)+\left(-4+4\right)-4x=-4x\)
d) (2x+y)(4x2-2xy+y2)-(2x-y)(4x2+2xy+y2)
= \(8x^3+y^3-\left(8x^3-y^3\right)\)
= \(8x^3+y^3-8x^3+y^3\)
= \(\left(8x^3-8x^3\right)+\left(y^3+y^3\right)\)= \(2y^3\)
a) \(2x+10-x^2-5x\)
\(=2\left(x+5\right)-x\left(x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x+5\right)\left(2-x\right)\)
b) \(x^3-x+3x^2y+3xy^2-y+y^3\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-1\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-1\right)\)
c) \(x^2+2xy-9+y^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-3^2\)
\(=\left(x+y-3\right)\left(x+y+3\right)\)