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\(m_{Al,Fe}=16,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2\left(sp\right)}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{0,5}{96\%}=\dfrac{25}{48}\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=16,4\\a+1,5b=\dfrac{25}{48}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{137}{465}\\b=\dfrac{187}{1240}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ đây em tính được KL mỗi kim loại em hi
Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{Fe}=x(mol)\\ n_{Mg}=y(mol) \end{cases}\Rightarrow 56x+24y=8(1)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+y=0,2(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,1(mol)\\ y=0,1(mol) \end{cases}\Rightarrow \begin{cases} m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6(g)\\ m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4(g) \end{cases} \)
Chất rắn không tan là Cu.
\(Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2\)
Ta có :
\(n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe} = 0,2.56 = 11,2(gam)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu} = 15,2 - 11,2 = 4(gam)\)
\(A/PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(B/n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\\ n_{Fe}=a;n_{Zn}=b\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+65b=18,6\\a+b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,1;b=0,2\\ m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6g\\ m_{Zn}=18,6-5,6=13g\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(\Sigma n_{H_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol của Mg là \(a\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=a\)
Gọi số mol của Fe là \(b\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=b\)
Ta lập được hệ phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,8\\24a+56b=25,6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,6\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,6mol\\n_{Fe}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,6\cdot24=14,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{14,4}{25,6}\cdot100\%=56,25\%\\\%m_{Fe}=43,75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2n_{Mg}=1,2mol\\n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=2n_{Fe}=0,4mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=1,6mol\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,6}{2}=0,8\left(l\right)=800ml\)
c) PTHH: \(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,6mol\\n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\cdot90=18\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,6\cdot58=34,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{kếttủa}=18+34,8=52,8\left(g\right)\)
\(a.Mg+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2\\ MgO+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2O\\ b.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=n_{Mg}=0,1mol\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{6}=40\%;\%m_{MgO}=60\%\\ n_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,6.6}{40}=0,09\left(mol\right)\\ n_{MgCl_2}=0,1+0,09=0,19\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,19.2=0,38\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,38.36,5}{0,2.1,1}=63,0\left(mL\right)\\ C_{M\left(MgCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,19}{0,063}=3,0\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.1.......0.2......................0.1\)
Chất rắn X : Cu
\(m_{Zn}=0.1\cdot65=6.5\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=19.3-6.5=12.8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12.8}{64}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.2}{0.2}=1\left(M\right)\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^o}}}2CuO\)
\(0.2........0.1\)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=0.1\cdot32=3.2\left(g\right)\)
PTHH :
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
x 3x x 1,5x
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
y 2y y y
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi n Al = x
n Fe = y (mol )
Ta có hệ PT :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=16,6\\1,5x+y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải hệ PT , ta có :
\(x=y=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=16,6-5,4=11,2\left(g\right)\)