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D. Use the word given in the bracket to form a word that fits the gap in the passage. (1.0 pt)
In Britain, what is described as “food miles”, the distance which food is transported from the place where it is grown to its point of sale, continues to rise. This has major economic, social and environmental consequences, given the traffic congestion and pollution which (67.variable) ____________invariably________________ follow.
According to (68. press) __________pressure__________________ groups, the same amount of food is travelling 50 per cent further than twenty years ago. What’s more, the rise in the demand for road haulage over this period has mostly been due to the transport of food and drink. The groups assert that the increase in the number of lorry journeys is (69. exceed) excessive and that many of these are far from (70. essence) ________essential____________________ .
In the distribution systems employed by British food (71. retail) _____________retailers_______________ , fleets of lorries bring all goods into more (72. centre) __________centrally__________________located warehouses for redistribution across the country.
(73. Logic) ___________illogical_________________ as this might appear, the situation whereby some goods get sent back to the same areas from which they came is (74. avoid) __________unavoidable__________________ .
In response to scathing (75. critic) _______criticism_____________________ from environmentalists, some food distributors now aim to minimize the impact of food miles by routing vehicles, wherever possible, on motorways after dark. This encourages greater energy (76. efficient) _____effeciency_______________________ whilst also reducing the impact on the residential areas through which they would otherwise pass.
67. invariably
68. pressure
69. excessive
70. essential
71. retailers
72. centrally
73. illogical
74. unavoidable
75. critism
76. efficiency
Give the correct form of the words in brackets to finish the passage
An industrial society, especially one as centralized and concentrated as that of Britain, is heavily (1.depend)..DEPENDENT.. on certain essential (2.serve)...SERICES...., for instance, electricity supply, water, rail and road transport, the harbors. The area of (3.depend)...DEPENDENCY...... has widen to include removing rubbish, hospital and ambulance services, and, as the (4.economic).ECONOMY.... develops, central computer and information services as well. If any of these services ceases to operate, the whole economic system is in (5.dangerous)...DANGER.....
It is this interdependency of the economic system which makes the power of trade unions such an important issue. Single trade unions have the (6.able)...ABILITY..... to cut off many countries' economic supply. This can happen more (7.easy)..EASILY.... in Britain than in some other countries, in part because the labour force is (8.high).....HIGHLY... organized. About 55 percent of British workers belong to unions, compared to under a quarter in the United States. For (9.history).HISTORICAL..... reasons, Britain's unions have tended to develop along trade and occupational lines, rather than on an distry- by- industry (10.basic)...BASE....
I. put the words in parentheses inyo their correct form.
1. My English friends find driving on the right__difficult__(difficulty)
2. The people in the area need the ___provision___ of food and pure water.(provide)
3 One of the ___strongest____ English is that it is becoming more and more international. (strong)
4. _____designers___ made different styles of jeans to match the 1960s' fashions. (design)
II. Read the following passage, then choose the correct answer to questions.
Today, supermarkets are found in almost every large city in the world. But the first supermarket (1)___________ opened only fifty years ago. It was opened in New York by a man named Micheal Cullen. A supermarket is different (2) ________ other types of stores in several ways. In supermarkets, goods are placed on open shelves. The (3) __________ choose what they want and take them to be checkout counter. This means that fewer shop assistants are needed thanin other stores. The way products are displayed is another difference between supermarkets and many other types of stores (4) __________ example, in supermarket, there is usually a display of smallinexpensive items just in front of the checkout counter: candies, chocolates, magazines, cheap food and so on.
Most customers (5) ___________ go to a supermarket buy goods from a shopping list. They know exactly what they need to buy. They do the shopping according to a plan.
1. A. is B. has been C. was D. were
2. A. in B. from C. of D. with
3.A. customers B. managers C. assistants D. sellers
4.A. in B. for C. of D. by
5.A. whom B. what C. which D. who
Plans grow(46)in almost every part of the world. We see(47)such plants as flowers, glass, and tree nearly every day. Plants grow high on moutaintops, far in the oceans, and in many deserts and(48)polar regions
Without plants, there could be not life on earth. Man could not live without air of food and so he could not live without plants. The oxygen in the air we breathe comes from plants. The food we eat also comes from plants or from animals that eat plants. We build houses and make many(49)useful products from lumber cut from trees. (50) Much of our clothing is made from the fitbers of the cotton plants.
Scientists belive there are more than 350,000 species of plants, but no one knowns for(51)sure. Some of the smallest plants, called diatoms, can be seen only with a(52)microscope . A drop of the water may hould as many as 500 diatoms. The largest living things are the giant sequoia trees of California. Some of them stand more than 290 feet high and measure over 30 feet wide
Scientist(53)divide all living things into two main groups - plants and animals. It is usually easy to tell the two(54)apart . Almost all kinds of plants stay in one place, but nearly all species of animals move about under their own power. Most plants make their own food from air, sunglight, and water. Animals cannot make their own food. The basic units of all life, called cells, are also different in plants and animals. Most plants have thick wall that(55) contain a material called cellulost. Animal cells dl not have this material.