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cm bđt phụ \(5x^2+6xy+5y^2\ge4\left(x+y\right)^2\)nhé
Ta có: \(\sqrt{5x^2+6xy+5y^2}=\sqrt{4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{4\left(x+y\right)^2}=2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{5x^2+6xy+5y^2}}{x+y+2z}\ge\frac{2\left(x+y\right)}{x+y+2z}\)(1)
Tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{\sqrt{5y^2+6yz+5z^2}}{y+z+2x}\ge\frac{2\left(y+z\right)}{y+z+2x}\)(2); \(\frac{\sqrt{5z^2+6zx+5x^2}}{z+x+2y}\ge\frac{2\left(z+x\right)}{z+x+2y}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT (1), (2), (3), ta được: \(\frac{\sqrt{5x^2+6xy+5y^2}}{x+y+2z}+\frac{\sqrt{5y^2+6yz+5z^2}}{y+z+2x}+\frac{\sqrt{5z^2+6zx+5x^2}}{z+x+2y}\)\(\ge2\left[\frac{x+y}{\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{y+z}{\left(z+x\right)+\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{z+x}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\right]\)
Đặt \(x+y=a;y+z=b;z+x=c\)thì \(\frac{x+y}{\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{y+z}{\left(z+x\right)+\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{z+x}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\)\(=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
Nhưng ta có BĐT Nesbitt quen thuộc sau: \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Thật vậy: 
(Bài này mình đã làm nhiều rồi nha nên ngại đánh lại, đây là bất đẳng thức có rất nhiều cách chứng minh nhưng mình nghĩ dồn biến là cách hay và đẹp nhất nha! Có thể tham khảo nhiều cách khác trên mạng, vô thống kê hỏi đáp của mình xem ảnh)
Như vậy: \(\frac{\sqrt{5x^2+6xy+5y^2}}{x+y+2z}+\frac{\sqrt{5y^2+6yz+5z^2}}{y+z+2x}+\frac{\sqrt{5z^2+6zx+5x^2}}{z+x+2y}\)\(\ge2\left[\frac{x+y}{\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{y+z}{\left(z+x\right)+\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{z+x}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\right]\)\(\ge2.\frac{3}{2}=3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z
\(\frac{x^3}{2x+3y+5z}+\frac{y^3}{2y+3z+5x}+\frac{z^3}{2z+3x+5y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^4}{2x^2+3xy+5xz}+\frac{y^4}{2y^2+3zy+5xy}+\frac{z^4}{2z^2+3xz+5yz}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^4}{2x^2+3xy+5xz}+\frac{y^4}{2y^2+3yz+5xy}+\frac{z^4}{2z^2+3xz+5yz}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2x^2+2y^2+2z^2+8xy+8yz+8xz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^4}{2x^2+3xy+5xz}+\frac{y^4}{2y^2+3yz+5xy}+\frac{z^4}{2z^2+3xz+5yz}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)
Xét \(\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 3 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2\ge2\sqrt{x^2y^2}=2xy\\y^2+z^2\ge2\sqrt{y^2z^2}=2yz\\x^2+z^2\ge2\sqrt{x^2z^2}=2xz\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng từng vế:
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le8\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le10\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{10\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{10}\)
Ta có: \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{10}\ge\frac{1}{30}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\ge\frac{1}{30}\)
Vì \(\frac{x^4}{2x^2+3xy+5xz}+\frac{y^4}{2y^2+3yz+5xy}+\frac{z^4}{2z^2+3xz+5yz}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^4}{2x^2+3xy+5xz}+\frac{y^4}{2y^2+3yz+5xy}+\frac{z^4}{2z^2+3xz+5yz}\ge\frac{1}{30}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^3}{2x+3y+5z}+\frac{y^3}{2y+3z+5x}+\frac{z^3}{2z+3x+5y}\ge\frac{1}{30}\) ( đpcm )
chịu chết
\(5x^2+2xy+2y^2-\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)=\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow5x^2+2xy+2y^2\ge4x^2+4xy+y^2=\left(2x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2x+y}+\dfrac{1}{2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{2z+x}=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{9}{x+x+y}+\dfrac{9}{y+y+z}+\dfrac{9}{z+z+x}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
đặt\(A=\dfrac{x^3}{2x+3y+5z}+\dfrac{y^3}{2y+3z+5x}+\dfrac{z^3}{2z+3x+5y}\)
\(=>A=\dfrac{x^4}{2x^2+3xy+5xz}+\dfrac{y^4}{2y^2+3yz+5xy}+\dfrac{z^4}{2z^2+3xz+5yz}\)
BBDT AM-GM
\(=>A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)
theo BDT AM -GM ta chứng minh được \(xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
vì \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(y^2+z^2\ge2yz\)
\(x^2+z^2\ge2xz\)
\(=>2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)< =>xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(=>2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le10\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(=>A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{10\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{10}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}}{10}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(đpcm\right)\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=y=z=1/3
a/ \(M=\left(x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\left(y^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)=x^2y^2+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+2=\left(xy-\frac{1}{xy}\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Suy ra Min M = 4 . Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=1/2
b/ Đề đúng phải là \(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có \(6=\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Lại có \(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\ge\frac{9}{8\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\frac{9}{8.\frac{3}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(A=\frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\).Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz,ta có:
\(=\left(1-\frac{1}{x+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{y+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+1+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(\ge3-\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(1+1+1\right)}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1/3
Vậy A min = 3/4 khi x=y=z=1/3
\(ĐK:x,y,z>\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+2y\right)^2=\left(\frac{3y}{2}+\frac{y+2x}{2}\right)^2\ge4.\frac{3y}{2}.\frac{y+2x}{2}=3y\left(2x+y\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x+2y}\le\frac{x+2y}{3y}\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}\le\frac{x+2y}{3xy}=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{2y+z}{y\left(y+2z\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\); \(\frac{2z+x}{z\left(z+2x\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế ba bất đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(VT\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}=3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
\(ĐKXĐ:x,y,z\ge1\left(x,y,z\inℤ\right)\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+2y\right)^2=\left(\frac{2x+y}{2}+\frac{3y}{2}\right)^2\ge4.\frac{2x+y}{2}.\frac{3y}{2}=3y\left(2x+y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x+2y}\le\frac{x+2y}{3y}\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{2y+z}{y\left(y+2x\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\);\(\frac{2z+x}{z\left(z+2x\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{3}.3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)(*)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{2x-1}=\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right).1}\le\frac{2x-1+1}{2}=x\)(BĐT Cô - si)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{y}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}\);\(\frac{1}{z}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}=3\)(**)
Từ (*) và (**) suy ra \(A=\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}+\frac{2y+z}{y\left(y+2z\right)}+\frac{2z+x}{z\left(z+2x\right)}\le3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
Từ đẳng thức đã cho suy ra \(x>\frac{1}{2};y>\frac{1}{2};z>\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)ta có \(\left(x+2y\right)^2=\left(\frac{2x+y}{2}+\frac{3y}{2}\right)^2\ge4\cdot\frac{2x+y}{2}\cdot\frac{3y}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2y\right)^2\ge3y\left(2x+y\right)\)(Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y)
=> \(\frac{2x+y}{x+2y}\le\frac{x+2y}{3y}\Rightarrow\frac{2x+y}{x\left(x+2y\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{2y+z}{y\left(y+2z\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\\\frac{2z+x}{z\left(z+2x\right)}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\end{cases}}\)
=> \(A\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)(Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z)
Ta có \(\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)\cdot1}\le\frac{\left(2x-1\right)+1}{2}\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x-1}\le x\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}\)
Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{y}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}\\\frac{1}{z}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}\end{cases}}\)
Do đó \(A\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2y-1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2z-1}}=3\)(dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z=1)
Vậy MaxA=3 đạt được khi x=y=z=1