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1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)
\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)
Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được
\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)
2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)
Dấu"=" khi a = 4b
nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được
\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)
nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)
khi đó a + b = 1
mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
We have : \(A=x+y+\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{2}{y}=\dfrac{x+y}{2}+\left(\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{2}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{x}{2}\right)\)
\(Applying\) C-S we have : \(\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{2}{y}\ge2;\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{x}{2}\ge1\)
x + y \(\ge3\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
So : \(A\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+2+1=\dfrac{9}{2}\)
" = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=2\)
a, \(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x-1}}=\dfrac{x-1+1}{\sqrt{x-1}}=\sqrt{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x-1}}=\sqrt{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}\ge2\)
\(min=2\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b, Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\dfrac{x^2}{y-1}+4\left(y-1\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2}{y-1}.4\left(y-1\right)}=4x\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y-1}\ge4x-4y+4\)
\(\dfrac{y^2}{x-1}+4\left(x-1\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{y^2}{x-1}.4\left(x-1\right)}=4y\Rightarrow\dfrac{y^2}{x-1}\ge4y-4x+4\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{y-1}+\dfrac{y^2}{x-1}\ge8\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=2\)