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Lời giải:
a) Vì $M$ trung điểm của $AB$ nên $\overrightarrow{MA}, \overrightarrow{MB}$ là 2 vecto đối nhau.
$\Rightarrow \overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}=\overrightarrow{0}$
$\overrightarrow{IA}+\overrightarrow{IB}=\overrightarrow{IM}+\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{IM}+\overrightarrow{MB}=2\overrightarrow{IM}+(\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB})$
$=2\overrightarrow{IM}$ (đpcm)
b)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}+2\overrightarrow{IB}=\overrightarrow{IN}+\overrightarrow{NA}+2(\overrightarrow{IN}+\overrightarrow{NB})\)
\(=3\overrightarrow{IN}+\overrightarrow{NA}+2\overrightarrow{NB}=3\overrightarrow{IN}-\overrightarrow{NB}+2\overrightarrow{NB}\)
\(=3\overrightarrow{IN}+\overrightarrow{NB}\) (đề không đúng???)
c)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}-3\overrightarrow{IB}=\overrightarrow{IP}+\overrightarrow{PA}-3(\overrightarrow{IP}+\overrightarrow{PB})=-2\overrightarrow{IP}+(\overrightarrow{PA}-3\overrightarrow{PB})\)
\(=-2\overrightarrow{IP}+(3\overrightarrow{PB}-3\overrightarrow{PB})=-2\overrightarrow{IP}\)
Lời giải:
a) Vì $M$ trung điểm của $AB$ nên $\overrightarrow{MA}, \overrightarrow{MB}$ là 2 vecto đối nhau.
$\Rightarrow \overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}=\overrightarrow{0}$
$\overrightarrow{IA}+\overrightarrow{IB}=\overrightarrow{IM}+\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{IM}+\overrightarrow{MB}=2\overrightarrow{IM}+(\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB})$
$=2\overrightarrow{IM}$ (đpcm)
b)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}+2\overrightarrow{IB}=\overrightarrow{IN}+\overrightarrow{NA}+2(\overrightarrow{IN}+\overrightarrow{NB})\)
\(=3\overrightarrow{IN}+\overrightarrow{NA}+2\overrightarrow{NB}=3\overrightarrow{IN}-\overrightarrow{NB}+2\overrightarrow{NB}\)
\(=3\overrightarrow{IN}+\overrightarrow{NB}\) (đề không đúng???)
c)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}-3\overrightarrow{IB}=\overrightarrow{IP}+\overrightarrow{PA}-3(\overrightarrow{IP}+\overrightarrow{PB})=-2\overrightarrow{IP}+(\overrightarrow{PA}-3\overrightarrow{PB})\)
\(=-2\overrightarrow{IP}+(3\overrightarrow{PB}-3\overrightarrow{PB})=-2\overrightarrow{IP}\)
→IB+→IA−→IC−→CM=→0
=>\(\overrightarrow{IB}+\overrightarrow{IA}-\overrightarrow{IM}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
=>\(\overrightarrow{IB}+\overrightarrow{IA}=\overrightarrow{IM}\)
Đặt K là trung điểm AB
=>\(\overrightarrow{IB}+\overrightarrow{IA}=\overrightarrow{2IK}\)(T/c trung tuyến)
=>\(\overrightarrow{2IK}=\overrightarrow{IM}\)
=>K,M,I thẳng hàng
Vậy điểm M thuộc đoạn KI sao cho \(\dfrac{\overrightarrow{IK}}{\overrightarrow{IM}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(a,\) \(\overrightarrow{IA}=2\overrightarrow{IB}-4\overrightarrow{IC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}=2\overrightarrow{IB}-2\overrightarrow{IC}-2\overrightarrow{IC}=2\overrightarrow{CB}-2\overrightarrow{IC}\)
\(=2\left(\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}\right)-2\left(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AI}\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}=2\overrightarrow{AB}-2\overrightarrow{AC}-2\overrightarrow{AC}+2\overrightarrow{AI}\)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(b,\overrightarrow{IJ}=\overrightarrow{AJ}-\overrightarrow{AI}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{IA}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{JG}=\overrightarrow{AG}-\overrightarrow{AJ}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}\)\((\) \(\) \(M\) \(trung\) \(điểm\) \(BC)\)
\(\overrightarrow{JG}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{IJ}=-4\overrightarrow{JG}\Rightarrow I,J,G\) \(thẳng\) \(hàng\)
a) Ta có:
\(3\overrightarrow{IA}+2\overrightarrow{IC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\overrightarrow{IA}=-2\overrightarrow{IC}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\overrightarrow{IA}=-2\left(\overrightarrow{IA}-\overrightarrow{CA}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\overrightarrow{IA}=-2\overrightarrow{IA}+2\overrightarrow{CA}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\overrightarrow{IA}+2\overrightarrow{IA}=2\overrightarrow{CA}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\overrightarrow{IA}=2\overrightarrow{CA}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{IA}=\frac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{CA}\)
Giả sử \(\frac{IA}{AB}=k\Rightarrow\frac{IB}{AB}=1-k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{IA}=-k\overrightarrow{AB}\\\overrightarrow{IB}=\left(1-k\right)\overrightarrow{AB}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow IB.\overrightarrow{IA}+IA.\overrightarrow{IB}=\left(1-k\right).AB.\left(-k\right)\overrightarrow{AB}+k.AB.\left(1-k\right)\overrightarrow{AB}\)
\(=\left(k^2-k\right)AB.\overrightarrow{AB}+\left(k-k^2\right)AB.\overrightarrow{AB}\)
\(=\left(k^2-k+k-k^2\right).AB.\overrightarrow{AB}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
Gọi O là tâm của hình bình hành ABCD :
Vì M là trung điểm của AB và \(AC\cap BD=I\) => I là trọng tâm tg ABC : => \(\overrightarrow{IA}+\overrightarrow{ID}+\overrightarrow{IB}=0\)
: \(\overrightarrow{AI}=\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AO}=\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}=\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)=> loại A,C,D
=> Chọn B
Lời giải:
Áp dụng các công thức sau: \(|\overrightarrow {a}|^2=\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{a}\)
\(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=\overrightarrow{0}\) nếu \(\overrightarrow{a}\perp \overrightarrow{b}\)
Ta có:
\(BC^2.\overrightarrow{IA}+AC^2.\overrightarrow{IB}+AB^2.\overrightarrow{IC}\)
\(=BC^2.\overrightarrow{IA}+AC^2.(\overrightarrow{IA}+\overrightarrow{AB})+AB^2.(\overrightarrow{IA}+\overrightarrow{AC})\)
\(=BC^2.\overrightarrow{IA}+\overrightarrow{IA}(AC^2+AB^2)+AC^2.\overrightarrow{AB}+AB^2.\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=2BC^2.\overrightarrow{IA}+AC^2.\overrightarrow{AB}+AB^2.\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{BC}.\overrightarrow{BC}.\overrightarrow{HA}+\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=\overrightarrow {BC}.\overrightarrow{0}+\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{0}+\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{0}=\overrightarrow {0}\)
Công thức \(\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|^2=\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{a}\)và \(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=\overrightarrow{0}\)nếu \(\overrightarrow{a}\perp\overrightarrow{b}\) chứng minh như nào ạ ?
Câu C: \(\overrightarrow{IA}=-\overrightarrow{IB}\)