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\(m^2+\frac{1}{m^2}\ge2\sqrt{m^2.\frac{1}{m^2}}=2.\)(BĐT Cauchy)
Tương tự \(n^2+\frac{1}{n^2}\ge2;p^2+\frac{1}{p^2}\ge2.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge6=VP\)
Mà GT, VT=VP=6
=> \(m^2=\frac{1}{m^2},n^2=\frac{1}{n^2},p^2=\frac{1}{p^2}\Leftrightarrow m^4=1,n^4=1,p^4=1\)
=>A=3
bài 1) Đặt \(B=\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\)
Ta có: \(A=B.\left(\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{n}{p-m}\right)=B.\frac{p}{m-n}+B.\frac{m}{n-p}+B.\frac{n}{p-m}\)
\(B.\frac{p}{m-n}=\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right).\frac{p}{m-n}=\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{p}{m-n}\)
\(=1+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{p}{m-n}=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\left(\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\left[\frac{\left(n-p\right).n}{mn}+\frac{\left(p-m\right).m}{mn}\right]=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\frac{n^2-np+pm-m^2}{mn}\)
\(=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\frac{\left(m-n\right).\left(p-m-n\right)}{mn}=1+\frac{p.\left(m-n\right).\left(p-m-n\right)}{\left(m-n\right).mn}=1+\frac{p.\left(p-m-n\right)}{mn}\)
\(=1+\frac{p^2-pm-pn}{mn}=1+\frac{p^2-p.\left(m+n\right)}{mn}\)
Vì m+n+p=0=>m+n=-p
\(=>B.\frac{p}{m-n}=1+\frac{p^2-p.\left(-p\right)}{mn}=1+\frac{2p^2}{mn}=1+\frac{2p^3}{mnp}\left(1\right)\)
\(B.\frac{m}{n-p}=\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right).\frac{m}{n-p}=\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{m}{n-p}\)
\(=1+\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{m}{n-p}=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\left[\frac{\left(m-n\right).n}{np}+\frac{\left(p-m\right).p}{np}\right]=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\frac{mn-n^2+p^2-mp}{np}\)
\(=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\frac{\left(n-p\right).\left(m-n-p\right)}{np}=1+\frac{m.\left(n-p\right).\left(m-n-p\right)}{\left(n-p\right).np}=1+\frac{m.\left(m-n-p\right)}{np}\)
\(=1+\frac{m^2-mn-mp}{np}=1+\frac{m^2-m\left(n+p\right)}{np}=1+\frac{m^2-m.\left(-m\right)}{np}=1+\frac{2m^2}{np}=1+\frac{2m^3}{mnp}\left(2\right)\) (vì m+n+p=0=>n+p=-m)
\(B.\frac{n}{p-m}=\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right).\frac{n}{p-m}=\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{n}{p-m}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{n}{p-m}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{n}{p-m}\)
\(=1+\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{n}{p-m}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{n}{p-m}=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\left[\frac{\left(m-n\right).m}{pm}+\frac{\left(n-p\right).p}{pm}\right]=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\frac{m^2-mn+np-p^2}{pm}\)
\(=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\frac{\left(p-m\right).\left(n-p-m\right)}{pm}=1+\frac{n.\left(p-m\right).\left(n-p-m\right)}{\left(p-m\right).pm}=1+\frac{n.\left(n-p-m\right)}{pm}\)
\(=1+\frac{n^2-np-mn}{pm}=1+\frac{n^2-n\left(p+m\right)}{pm}=1+\frac{n^2-n.\left(-n\right)}{pm}=1+\frac{2n^2}{pm}=1+\frac{2n^3}{mnp}\left(3\right)\) (vì m+n+p=0=>p+m=-n)
Từ (1),(2),(3) suy ra :
\(A=B.\frac{p}{m-n}+B.\frac{m}{n-p}+B.\frac{n}{p-m}=\left(1+\frac{2p^3}{mnp}\right)+\left(1+\frac{2m^3}{mnp}\right)+\left(1+\frac{2n^3}{mnp}\right)\)
\(=3+\frac{2p^3}{mnp}+\frac{2m^3}{mnp}+\frac{2n^3}{mnp}=3+\frac{2.\left(m^3+n^3+p^3\right)}{mnp}\)
*Tới đây để tính được m3+n3+p3,ta cần CM được bài toán phụ sau:
Đề: Cho m+n+p=0.CMR: \(m^3+n^3+p^3=3mnp\)
Từ m+n+p=0=>m+n=-p
Ta có: \(m^3+n^3+p^3=\left(m+n\right)^3-3m^2n-3mn^2+p^3=-p^3-3mn\left(m+n\right)+p^3\)
\(=-3mn\left(m+n\right)=-3mn.\left(-p\right)=3mnp\)
Vậy ta đã CM được bài toán phụ
*Trở lại bài toán chính: \(A=3+\frac{2.3mnp}{mnp}=3+\frac{6mnp}{mnp}=3+6=9\)
Vậy A=9
bài 2)
a)Nhận thấy các thừa số của A đều có dạng tổng quát sau:
\(n^3+1=n^3+1^3=\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2-n+1\right)=\left(n+1\right).\left(n^2-n+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(=\left(n+1\right).\left(n^2-2.n.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)=\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]=\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]\)
\(n^3-1=n^3-1^3=\left(n-1\right)\left(n^2+n+1\right)=\left(n-1\right).\left(n^2+n+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(=\left(n-1\right).\left(n^2+2.n.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)=\left(n-1\right).\left[\left(n+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]=\left(n-1\right).\left[\left(n+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]\)
suy ra \(\frac{n^3+1}{n^3-1}=\frac{\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(n-1\right).\left[\left(n+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}\)
Do đó: \(\frac{2^3+1}{2^3-1}=\frac{\left(2+1\right).\left[\left(2-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(2-1\right).\left[\left(2+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}=\frac{3.\left(1,5^2+0,75\right)}{1.\left(2,5^2+0,75\right)}\)
\(\frac{3^3+1}{3^3-1}=\frac{\left(3+1\right).\left[\left(3-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(3-1\right).\left[\left(3+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}=\frac{4.\left(2,5^2+0,75\right)}{2.\left(3,5^2+0,75\right)}\)
...........................
\(\frac{10^3+1}{10^3-1}=\frac{\left(10+1\right).\left[\left(10-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(10-1\right).\left[\left(10+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}=\frac{11.\left(9,5^2+0,75\right)}{9.\left(10,5^2+0,75\right)}\)
\(=>A=\frac{3\left(1,5^2+0,75\right).4\left(2,5^2+0,75\right)........11.\left(9,5^2+0,75\right)}{1\left(2,5^2+0,75\right).2.\left(3,5^2+0,75\right)........9\left(10,5^2+0,75\right)}=\frac{3.4........11}{1.2......9}.\frac{1,5^2+0,75}{10,5^2+0,75}\)
\(=\frac{10.11}{2}.\frac{1}{37}=\frac{2036}{37}\)
Vậy A=2036/37
b) có thể ở chỗ 1+1/4 bn nhầm,phải là \(1^4+\frac{1}{4}\) ,mà chắc cũng chẳng sao,vì 14=1 mà
Nhận thấy các thừa số của B có dạng tổng quát:
\(n^4+\frac{1}{4}=n^4+n^2+\frac{1}{4}-n^2=\left(n^2\right)^2+2.n^2.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-n^2=\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-n^2\)
\(=\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}-n\right)\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}+n\right)\)
\(B=\frac{\left(1^2+\frac{1}{2}-1\right).\left(1^2+\frac{1}{2}+1\right).\left(3^2+\frac{1}{2}+3\right).\left(3^2+\frac{1}{2}-3\right)..........\left(9^2+\frac{1}{2}-9\right).\left(9^2+\frac{1}{2}+9\right)}{\left(2^2+\frac{1}{2}-2\right).\left(2^2+\frac{1}{2}+2\right).\left(4^2+\frac{1}{2}-4\right).\left(4^2+\frac{1}{2}+4\right)......\left(10^2+\frac{1}{2}-10\right).\left(10^2+\frac{1}{2}+10\right)}\)
Mặt khác,ta cũng có: \(\left(a+1\right)^2-\left(a+1\right)+\frac{1}{2}=a^2+2a+1-a-1+\frac{1}{2}=a^2+a+\frac{1}{2}\)
Suy ra \(B=\frac{1^2+\frac{1}{2}-1}{10^2+\frac{1}{2}+10}=\frac{1}{221}\)
Vậy B=1/221
a/ \(\frac{1}{1+x^2}+\frac{1}{1+y^2}\ge\frac{2}{1+xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+xy\right)\left(2+x^2+y^2\right)\ge2\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2+x^2+y^2+2xy+xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge2+2x^2+2y^2+2x^2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)-\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-1\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
b/ Để biểu thức xác định \(\Rightarrow x\ne0\Rightarrow x^2\ge1\)
\(4=\frac{y^2}{4}+x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+x^2\ge\frac{y^2}{4}+2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{x^2}}+1\ge\frac{y^2}{4}+3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{y^2}{4}\le1\Rightarrow y^2\le4\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y^2=0\\y^2=1\\y^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(y^2=0\Rightarrow2x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=4\Rightarrow2x^4-4x^2+1=0\) (ko tồn tại x nguyên tm)
\(y^2=1\Rightarrow2x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=3\Rightarrow2x^4-3x^2+1=0\Rightarrow x^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=...\)
\(y^2=4\Rightarrow2x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=0\Rightarrow\) ko tồn tại x thỏa mãn
Ta có \(\frac{n^2+n+1}{n+1}=n+\frac{1}{n+1}\)
Vì m là số nguyên nên \(\frac{n^2+n+1}{n+1}\)
nguyên
=> 1 chia hết cho (n+1)
=> \(n+1\in\left\{1,-1\right\}=>n\in\left\{0,-2\right\}\)
Với n = 0 thì: \(m=\frac{0+0+1}{0+1}=1\)
Với n = -2 thì: \(m=\frac{4-2+1}{-2+1}=-3\)
Vậy, các cặp (m;n) thảo mãn là: (0;1),(-2;-3)
Nếu đúng nhớ tk nhé
Bài 1: Giải trâu biến đổi tương đương với tử mẫu các phân thức đều dương:
\(\frac{1}{1+x^2}+\frac{1}{1+y^2}\ge\frac{2}{1+xy}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2+x^2+y^2}{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}\ge\frac{2}{1+xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2+x^2+y^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)\ge2\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+xy+\left(1+x^2+y^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)\ge2\left(1+x^2+y^2\right)+2x^2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+x^2+y^2\right)\left(xy-1\right)+1+xy-2x^2y^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+x^2+y^2\right)\left(xy-1\right)-\left(xy-1\right)\left(2xy+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-1\right)\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-1\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng \(\forall xy\ge1\))
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\) hoặc \(xy=1\)
Bài 2:
Với \(x\ne0\) ta có:
\(2x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{y^2}{4}=x^2-2.x.\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x^2}+2+x^2-2.x.\frac{y}{2}+\left(\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+xy\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(x-\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+xy+2\ge xy+2\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+2\le4\Rightarrow xy\le2\)
\(\Rightarrow xy_{max}=2\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-\frac{1}{x}=0\\x-\frac{y}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) hoặc \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1: cách khác:
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+x^2}-\frac{1}{1+xy}+\frac{1}{1+y^2}-\frac{1}{1+xy}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1+xy-1-x^2}{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)}+\frac{1+xy-1-y^2}{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(xy-x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)+\left(xy-y^2\right)\left(1+x^2\right)}{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow-x\left(x-y\right)\left(1+y^2\right)+y\left(x-y\right)\left(1+x^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(-x-xy^2+y+x^2y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\left(xy-1\right)\ge0\left(LĐ\forall xy\ge1\right)\)
BĐT Bunhiacopxky em chưa học cô ạ
Cô cong cách nào không ạ
Nguyễn Thị Nguyệt Ánh:
Vậy thì bạn có thể chứng minh $\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}$ thông qua BĐT Cô-si:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
$x+y+z\geq 3\sqrt[3]{xyz}$
$xy+yz+xz\geq 3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}$
Nhân theo vế:
$(x+y+z)(xy+yz+xz)\geq 9xyz$
$\Rightarrow \frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}$
hay $\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}$
\(m^2+n^2+p^2+\frac{1}{m^2}+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{p^2}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(m^2-2+\frac{1}{m^2}\right)+\left(n^2-2+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)+\left(p^2-2+\frac{1}{p^2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(m-\frac{1}{m}\right)^2+\left(n-\frac{1}{n}\right)^2+\left(p-\frac{1}{p}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}m=\frac{1}{m}\\n=\frac{1}{n}\\p=\frac{1}{p}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow m=n=p=1\)
bạn giải dùm mình bài này nhé Tìm x biết: 2+2+22 +23+24+...+22014=2x. Ai giúp mình giải bài này với