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Bài 1:
\(HPT\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow a=b=c=0\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\left(-1\right)^{2019}+\left(-1\right)^{2020}+\left(-1\right)^{2021}=-1+1-1=-1\)
Bài 2: Giải toán trên mạng - Giúp tôi giải toán - Hỏi đáp, thảo luận về toán học - Học trực tuyến OLM
Bài 3: Xác định a, b, c để x^3 - ax^2 + bx - c = (x - a) (x-b)(x-c) - Lê Tường Vy
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+ab^2+c^2a+ca^2+b^2c+bc^2+2abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)c+ab\left(a+b\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca+c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
=> Hoặc a+b=0 hoặc b+c=0 hoặc c+a=0
=> Hoặc a=-b hoặc b=-c hoặc c=-a
Ko mất tổng quát, g/s a=-b
a) Ta có: vì a=-b thay vào ta được:
\(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=-\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{1}{c^3}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{1}{-b^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{1}{c^3}\)
=> đpcm
b) Ta có: \(a+b+c=1\Leftrightarrow-b+b+c=1\Rightarrow c=1\)
=> \(P=-\frac{1}{b^{2021}}+\frac{1}{b^{2021}}+\frac{1}{c^{2021}}=\frac{1}{1^{2021}}=1\)
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b)Đặt $S=x+y,P=xy$ thì được:
\(\left\{ \begin{align} & S+P=2+3\sqrt{2} \\ & {{S}^{2}}-2P=6 \\ \end{align} \right.\Rightarrow {{S}^{2}}+2S+1=11+6\sqrt{2}={{\left( 3+\sqrt{2} \right)}^{2}}\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l} S = 2 + \sqrt 2 \\ P = 2\sqrt 2 \end{array} \right. \Rightarrow \left( {x;y} \right) \in \left\{ {\left( {2;\sqrt 2 } \right),\left( {\sqrt 2 ;2} \right)} \right\}\\ \left\{ \begin{array}{l} S = - 4 - \sqrt 2 \\ P = 6 + 4\sqrt 2 \end{array} \right.\left( {VN} \right) \end{array} \)
\( c)\left\{ \begin{array}{l} 2{x^2} + xy + 3{y^2} - 2y - 4 = 0\\ 3{x^2} + 5{y^2} + 4x - 12 = 0 \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l} 2\left( {2{x^2} + xy + 3{y^2} - 2y - 4} \right) - \left( {3{x^2} + 5{y^2} + 4x - 12} \right) = 0\\ 3{x^2} + 5{y^2} + 4x - 12 = 0 \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l} {x^2} + 2xy + {y^2} - 4x - 4y + 4 = 0\\ 3{x^2} + 5{y^2} + 4x - 12 = 0 \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l} {\left( {x + y - 2} \right)^2} = 0\\ 3{x^2} + 5{y^2} + 4x - 12 = 0 \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l} x + y - 2 = 0\\ 3{x^2} + 5{y^2} + 4x - 12 = 0 \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l} x = 1\\ y = 1 \end{array} \right. \)
2)Đầu tiên ta cm bđt:\(xy+yz+zx\le\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\le x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx\le3\)
"="<=>x=y=z=1
Ta có:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2=2009\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=\dfrac{-2009}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=1009020,25\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=2018040,5\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2-2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=\)2018040,5
Có: \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=-1\) (do \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(ca\right)^2+2ab.bc+2bc.ca+2ca.ab=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(ca\right)^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left(ab\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(ca\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\) (do \(a+b+c=0\))
Lại có: \(M=a^4+b^4+c^4\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2-2\left(a^2b^2 +b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)
\(=1-2\left[\left(ab\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(ca\right)^2\right]\) (do \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\))
\(=1-2.\dfrac{1}{4}\)(do \(\left(ab\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(ca\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\))
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(M=\dfrac{1}{2}\)