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\(\dfrac{bc}{a+b+c+a}\le\dfrac{bc}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)\\ \dfrac{ac}{b+c+a+b}\le\dfrac{ac}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\\ \dfrac{ab}{a+c+b+c}\le\dfrac{ab}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{a+b}\left(\dfrac{bc}{4}+\dfrac{ac}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\left(\dfrac{bc}{4}+\dfrac{ab}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\left(\dfrac{ac}{4}+\dfrac{ab}{4}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{a+b}\cdot\dfrac{c\left(a+b\right)}{4}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\cdot\dfrac{b\left(a+c\right)}{4}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\cdot\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{4}\\ =\dfrac{c}{4}+\dfrac{b}{4}+\dfrac{a}{4}\\ =\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\left(đfcm\right)\)
Ta chứng minh bổ đề sau:
\(\dfrac{5b^3-a^3}{ab+3b^2}\le2b-a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5b^3-a^3\le\left(2b-a\right)\left(ab+3b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5b^3-a^3\le2ab^2+6b^3-a^2b-3b^2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3-a^2b-b^2a\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)-ab\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
Bất đẳng thức cuối luôn đúng, vậy ta có
\(M\le2a-b+2b-c+2c-a=a+b+c\)Chứng minh hoàn tất. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
nhầm mọi người ơi chứng minh cho mình <=\(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\) với a , b > 0
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{bc}{2a+b+c}=\dfrac{bc}{a+b+a+c}\le\dfrac{bc}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)\\\dfrac{ca}{a+2b+c}=\dfrac{ca}{a+b+b+c}\le\dfrac{ca}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\\\dfrac{ab}{a+b+2c}=\dfrac{ab}{a+c+b+c}\le\dfrac{ab}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{bc}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)+\dfrac{ca}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)+\dfrac{ab}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{bc}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{bc}{4\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{ca}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{ca}{4\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{ab}{4\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{ab}{4\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\left[\dfrac{bc}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{ca}{4\left(a+b\right)}\right]+\left[\dfrac{bc}{4\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{ab}{4\left(a+c\right)}\right]+\left[\dfrac{ca}{4\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{ab}{4\left(b+c\right)}\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{bc+ca}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{bc+ab}{4\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{ca+ab}{4\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{c\left(a+b\right)}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{b\left(c+a\right)}{4\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{4\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{bc}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{ca}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{ab}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\) ( đpcm )
C/m BĐT : \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Sơ-vác-sơ:
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}\ge\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\)
Ta có: \(9\dfrac{ab}{a+3b+2c}=\dfrac{9ab}{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)+2b}\le\dfrac{ab}{a+c}+\dfrac{ab}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{2}\left(1\right)\)
CM tương tự
\(\dfrac{9bc}{b+3c+2a}\le\dfrac{bc}{a+c}+\dfrac{bc}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{2}\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{9ca}{c+3a+2b}\le\dfrac{ca}{b+c}+\dfrac{ca}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{2}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng vế (1), (2), (3) => đpcm
\(\dfrac{a+b}{ab+c^2}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(ab+c^2\right)\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{b\left(a^2+c^2\right)+a\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\le\dfrac{a^2}{b\left(a^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{a\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{b+c}{bc+a^2}\le\dfrac{b^2}{c\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{b\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\) ; \(\dfrac{c+a}{ca+b^2}\le\dfrac{c^2}{a\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{a^2}{c\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{a}\left(\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{b^2+c^2}\right)+\dfrac{1}{b}\left(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2+c^2}\right)+\dfrac{1}{c}\left(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}\right)=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
a, Vẽ phân giác AD của góc BAC
Kẻ BH\(\perp\)AD tại H ; CK\(\perp AD\) tại K
Dễ thấy \(sin\widehat{A_1}=sin\widehat{A_2}=sin\dfrac{A}{2}=\dfrac{BH}{AB}=\dfrac{CK}{AC}=\dfrac{BH+CK}{AB+AC}\le\)\(\le\dfrac{BD+CD}{b+c}=\dfrac{a}{b+c}\)
b, Tượng tự \(sin\dfrac{B}{2}\le\dfrac{b}{a+c};sin\dfrac{C}{2}\le\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
Mặt khác \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge2\sqrt{ab}.2\sqrt{bc}.2\sqrt{ca}=8abc\)
\(\Rightarrow sin\dfrac{A}{2}.sin\dfrac{B}{2}.sin\dfrac{C}{2}\le\dfrac{abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{8}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có :
\(ab\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)=> \(\frac{ab}{a+b}\le\frac{a+b}{4}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{bc}{b+c}\le\frac{b+c}{4}\); \(\frac{ca}{c+a}\le\frac{c+a}{4}\)
Cộng vế với vế các bđt trên ta có đpcm
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c
Có ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\le\dfrac{a+b}{4}ab≤4(a+b)2⇒a+bab≤4a+b.