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$a\big)2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2$
$b\big)$
$n_{Al}=\dfrac{4,05}{27}=0,15(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3(mol)$
Vì $\dfrac{n_{Al}}{2}<\frac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{3}\to H_2SO_4$ dư
$c\big)$
Theo PT: $n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,225(mol)$
$\to V_{H_2}=0,225.22,4=5,04(l)$
2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
0,1----------------------0,075----0,15
n H2=0,15 mol
=>mAl=0,1.27=2,7g
=>m Al2(SO4)3=0,075.342=25,65g
a) PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_2\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,15=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
a.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,3 ( mol )
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
b.\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{56}{80}=0,7mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
0,7 < 0,3 ( mol )
0,3 0,3 0,3 ( mol )
\(m_X=m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}+m_{Cu}=\left[\left(0,7-0,3\right).80\right]+\left(0,3.64\right)=51,2g\)
a) nAl = 21,6/27 = 0,8 (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO43) + 3H2
nH2 = 0,8 : 2 . 3 = 1,2 (mol)
VH2 = 1,2 . 22,4 = 26,88 (l)
b) nH2SO4 = 19,6/98 = 0,2 (mol)
LTL: 0,8/2 > 0,2/3 => Al dư
nH2 = nH2SO4 = 0,2 (mol)
VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48 (l)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,1---->0,3
Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
0,3<--------------------0,3
=> m = 0,3.65 = 19,5 (g)
a) 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,2<----0,3<-----------------0,3
=> mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
c) \(m_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{30\%}=98\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=x=0,15\cdot160=24\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
-PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
2 : 3 : 1 : 3
0,2 : 0,3 : 0,1 : 0,3
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
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