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a) \(Pt:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(Theopt:n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72lít\)
c) \(Theopt:n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}=0,6mol\)
\(\Rightarrow C_Mdd_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,2 0,2
2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,2 0,2
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\m_{H_2O}=0,2.18.\left(100\%-5\%\right)=3,42\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48l\)
\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
0,2 0,2
\(m_{H_2O}=0,2\cdot18\cdot\left(100-5\right)\%=3,42g\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)
a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b,\(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5.100\%}{200}=7,3\%\)
c, mdd sau pứ = 4,8+200-0,2.2 = 204,4 (g)
\(C\%_{ddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.95.100\%}{204,4}=9,3\%\)
Fe+2Hcl->FeCl2+H2
0,1---------------------0,1
2H2+O2-to>2H2O
0,1--------------0,1
n Fe=0,1 mol
=>VH2=0,1.22,4=2,24l
c) m H2O=0,1.18.95%=1,71g
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,1 0,1
2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,1 0,1
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\m_{H_2O}=0,1.18.\left(100\%-5\%\right)=1,71\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Zn + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) ZnCl2 + H2
nZn = 6,5/65 = 0,1 mol
THeo pt: nH2 = nZn = 0,1 mol
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 lít
b) THeo pt: nHCl = 2nZn = 0,2 mol
=> mHCl = 0,2 . 36,5 = 7,3g
=> C%HCl = \(\dfrac{7,3}{200}.100\%=3,65\%\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,4 0,8 0,4
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,4}=2M\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,4\cdot22,4=8,96l\)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)=200\left(ml\right)\)