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Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có
\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xyz\left(xy+1\right)^2.\left(yz+1\right)^2.\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2y^2z^2\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}{xyz}}=A\)
Ta có \(A=3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{xy+1}{x}\right)\left(\frac{yz+1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{zx+1}{z}\right)}=3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có
\(A\ge3\sqrt[3]{8\sqrt{\frac{xyz}{xyz}}}=3.2=6\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
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\(3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{4z}+\frac{1}{4z}+\frac{1}{4z}+\frac{1}{4z}\right)}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{5\sqrt[5]{\frac{y}{256x^4}}\cdot5\sqrt[5]{\frac{z}{256y^4}}\cdot5\sqrt[5]{\frac{x}{256z^4}}}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{125\sqrt[5]{\frac{xyz}{256^3\left(xyz\right)^4}}}\)
\(=15\sqrt[3]{\sqrt[5]{\frac{1}{256^3\left(xyz\right)^3}}}\)
\(\ge15\sqrt[15]{\frac{1}{256^3\cdot\left(\frac{x+y+z}{3}\right)^9}}\)
\(\ge15\sqrt[15]{\frac{1}{256^3\cdot\frac{1}{2^9}}}=\frac{15}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
thiếu điều kiện là \(x+y+z\le\frac{3}{2}\)bạn nhớ bổ sung
Sử dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM cho 3 số ,ta có :
\(\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}.\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}.\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2.x\left(yz+1\right)^2.y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right).z^2\left(zx+1\right).x^2\left(xy+1\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xyz\left(xy+1\right)^2\left(yz+1\right)^2\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2y^2z^2\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}{xyz}}=3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{xy+1}{x}\right)\left(\frac{yz+1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{zx+1}{z}\right)}\)
Tiếp tục sử dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM cho 2 số ,ta được :
\(3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{xy+1}{x}\right)\left(\frac{yz+1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{zx+1}{z}\right)}=3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(2\sqrt{y.\frac{1}{x}}\right)\left(2\sqrt{z.\frac{1}{y}}\right)\left(2\sqrt{x.\frac{1}{z}}\right)}=3\sqrt[3]{\left(2\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}\right).\left(2\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}}\right).\left(2\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}}\right)}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{2.2.2.\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}.\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}}.\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}}}=3\sqrt[3]{8.\sqrt{\frac{xyz}{xyz}}}=3\sqrt[3]{8}=3.2=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=6\)đạt được khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
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\(P=\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\)
Sử dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM cho 3 số thực dương ta có :
\(\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}.\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}.\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2x\left(yz+1\right)^2y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)z^2\left(zx+1\right)x^2\left(xy+1\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xyz\left(xy+1\right)^2\left(yz+1\right)^2\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2y^2z^2\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}{xyz}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xy+1}{x}.\frac{yz+1}{y}.\frac{zx+1}{z}}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)
Tiếp tục sử dụng BĐT AM-GM cho 2 số thức dương ta có :
\(y+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt{y\frac{1}{x}}=2\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}\)
\(z+\frac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{z\frac{1}{y}}=2\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}}\)
\(x+\frac{1}{z}\ge2\sqrt{x\frac{1}{z}}=2\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}}\)
Nhân theo vế các bất đẳng thức cùng chiều ta được
\(\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\ge8\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}.\frac{x}{z}.\frac{z}{y}}=8\)
Khi đó \(3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{8}=3.2=6\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy MinP=1/3 đạt được khi x=y=z=1/3
\(\frac{3}{2}\ge x+y+z\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2.y\left(zx+1\right)^2.z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)x^2\left(xy+1\right)y^2\left(yz+1\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}{xyz}}\)
Xét \(Q=\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}{xyz}=\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}{\sqrt{xy}.\sqrt{yz}.\sqrt{zx}}\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{xy};\sqrt{yz};\sqrt{zx}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a+b+c\le\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow abc\le\frac{1}{8}\)
\(Q=\frac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{abc}=\frac{1+a^2b^2c^2+a^2+b^2+c^2+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{abc}\)
\(Q\ge\frac{1+a^2b^2c^2+3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}+3\sqrt[3]{a^4b^4c^4}}{abc}=\frac{1}{abc}+abc+3\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)\)
\(Q\ge abc+\frac{1}{64abc}+3\left(\sqrt[3]{abc}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt[3]{abc}}\right)+\frac{63}{64abc}+\frac{9}{4\sqrt[3]{abc}}\)
\(Q\ge2\sqrt{\frac{abc}{64abc}}+6\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt[3]{abc}}{4\sqrt[3]{abc}}}+\frac{63}{64.\frac{1}{8}}+\frac{9}{4.\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{8}}}=\frac{125}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge3\sqrt[3]{Q}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{125}{8}}=\frac{15}{2}\)
\(P_{min}=\frac{15}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\) hay \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có \(P=\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}+\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2}}{\frac{zx+1}{x}}+\frac{\frac{\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2}}{\frac{xy+1}{y}}+\frac{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2}}{\frac{yz+1}{z}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{\left(z+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2}{x+\frac{1}{y}}+\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{y+\frac{1}{z}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{a_1^2}{b_1}+\frac{a_2^2}{b_2}+\frac{a_3^2}{b_3}\ge\frac{\left(a_1+a_2+a_3\right)^2}{b_1+b_2+b_3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{a_1}{b_1}=\frac{a_2}{b_2}=\frac{a_3}{c_3}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{\left(z+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2}{x+\frac{1}{y}}+\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{y+\frac{1}{z}}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)
\(P\ge a+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
=> \(P\ge x+y+z+\frac{9}{x+y+z}=\left[x+y+z+\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]+\frac{27}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
Ta có: \(x+y+z+\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}}=3;\frac{27}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{27}{4\cdot\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{9}{2}\)
=> \(P\ge3+\frac{9}{2}=\frac{15}{2}\).
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy MinP=\(\frac{15}{2}\)đạt được khi x=y=z=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(P=\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}+\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\frac{yz+1}{z}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{zx+1}{x}\right)}+\frac{\left(\frac{zx+1}{x}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{xy+1}{y}\right)}+\frac{\left(\frac{xy+1}{y}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{yz+1}{z}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{\left(z+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2}{x+\frac{1}{y}}+\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{y+\frac{1}{z}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki dạng phân thức, ta có:
\(\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{\left(z+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2}{x+\frac{1}{y}}+\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{y+\frac{1}{z}}\)\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}}=x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{9}{x+y+z}=\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(+\frac{27}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right).\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}}+\frac{27}{4.\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{15}{2}\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số không âm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Xét hạng tử: \(x\sqrt{\frac{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)}{1+x^2}}\)
Thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\); ta có:
\(x\sqrt{\frac{\left(y^2+xy+yz+zx\right)\left(z^2+xy+yz+zx\right)}{x^2+xy+yz+zx}}=x\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)^2\left(x+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\)
\(=x\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)^2}=xy+xz\)
Tượng tự: \(y\sqrt{\frac{\left(1+z^2\right)\left(1+x^2\right)}{1+y^2}}=xy+yz;z\sqrt{\frac{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}{1+z^2}}=xz+yz\)
Do đó: \(A=2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=2.1=2\)
ĐS:...
Bài này thì AM-GM thôi
\(P=\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\)
Sử dụng BĐT AM-GM cho 3 số không âm ta có :
\(\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)^2}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(zx+1\right)}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xyz\left(xy+1\right)^2\left(yz+1\right)^2\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2y^2z^2\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(zx+1\right)}{xyz}}=3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{xy+1}{x}\right)\left(\frac{yz+1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{zx+1}{z}\right)}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{xy}{x}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(\frac{yz}{y}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{zx}{z}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}=3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)
Tiếp tục sử dụng AM-GM cho 2 số không âm ta được :
\(3\sqrt[3]{\left(2\sqrt[2]{y\frac{1}{x}}\right)\left(2\sqrt[2]{z\frac{1}{y}}\right)\left(2\sqrt[2]{x\frac{1}{z}}\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(2\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}\right)\left(2\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}}\right)\left(2\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}}\right)}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{8\left(\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}.\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}}.\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}}\right)}=3\sqrt[3]{8.\sqrt{\frac{xyz}{xyz}}}=3\sqrt[3]{8}=3.2=6\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(Min_P=6\)đạt được khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)