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B = 2\(x^2\) - 4\(x\) - 8
B = 2(\(x^2\) - 2\(x\) + 4) - 16
B = 2(\(x-2\))2 - 16
Vì (\(x-2\))2 ≥ 0 ∀ \(x\) ⇒ 2(\(x-2\))2 ≥ 0 ∀ \(x\)
⇒ 2(\(x-2\))2 - 16 ≥ -16 ∀ \(x\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi (\(x-2\))2 = 0 ⇒ \(x-2=0\) ⇒ \(x=2\)
Vậy Bmin = -16 khi \(x=2\)
Tìm min của C biết:
C = \(x^2\) - 2\(xy\) + 2y2 + 2\(x\) - 10y + 17
C = (\(x^2\) - 2\(xy\) + y2) + 2(\(x\) - y) + y2 - 8y + 16 + 1
C = (\(x\) - y)2 + 2(\(x\) - y) + 1 + (y2 - 8y + 16)
C = (\(x-y+1\))2 + (y - 4)2
Vì (\(x\) - y + 1)2 ≥ 0 ∀ \(x;y\); (y - 4)2 ≥ 0 ∀ y
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-4+1=0\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1+4\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy Cmin = 0 khi (\(x;y\)) = (3; 4)
\(B=2x^2-4x-8=2\left(x^2-2x-4\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-2x+1-5\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-5\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-1\right)^2-10\ge-10\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=-10\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(F=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
Đặt \(x^2+5x+4=t\)
\(\RightarrowĐT=t\left(t+2\right)=t^2+2t+1-1\)
\(=\left(t+1\right)^2-1\ge-1\)
hay \(\left(x^2+5x+5\right)^2-1\ge-1\)
Vậy \(F_{min}=-1\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+\frac{25}{4}-\frac{5}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2=\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+\frac{5}{2}=\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}\\x+\frac{5}{2}=-\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}-\frac{5}{2}\\x=-\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}-\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(G=4x-x^2=-\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-4\right]=-\left(x-2\right)^2+4\le4\)
Vậy \(G_{max}=4\Leftrightarrow x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(H=25-x-5x^2=-5\left(x^2+\frac{x}{5}-5\right)\)
\(=-5\left(x^2+2x.\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{100}-\frac{501}{100}\right)\)
\(=-5\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{10}\right)^2-\frac{501}{100}\right]\)
\(=-5\left(x+\frac{1}{10}\right)^2+\frac{101}{20}\le\frac{101}{2}\)
Vậy \(H_{max}=\frac{101}{2}\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{10}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(a,\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2-18x+9\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(2z^2+4z+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+8xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-y\\x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a,9x^2+y^2+2z^2−18x+4z−6y+20=0
⇔9(x−1)^2+(y−3)^2+2(z+1)^2=0
⇔x=1;y=3;z=−1
b,5x^2+5y^2+8xy+2y−2x+2=0
⇔4(x+y)2+(x−1)2+(y+1)2=0
⇔x=−y;x=1y=−1⇔x=1y=−1
c,5x^2+2y^2+4xy−2x+4y+5=0
⇔(2x+y)^2+(x−1)^2+(y+2)^2=0
⇔2x=−y;x=1;y=−2
⇔x=1;y=−2
d,x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y−4z−14
⇔(x−1)^2+(2y−3)^2+(z+2)^2=0
⇔x=1;y=3/2;z=−2
e: Ta có: x^2−6x+y2+4y+2=0
⇔x^2−6x+9+y^2+4y+4−11=0
⇔(x−3)^2+(y+2)^2=11
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-2
$A=x^2+y^2-6x+4y+20=(x^2-6x+9)+(y^2+4y+4)+7$
$=(x-3)^2+(y+2)^2+7\geq 0+0+7=7$
Vậy $A_{\min}=7$. Giá trị này đạt tại $(x-3)^2=(y+2)^2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=3; y=-2$
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$B=9x^2+y^2+2z^2-18x+4z-6y+30$
$=(9x^2-18x+9)+(y^2-6y+9)+(2z^2+4z+2)+10$
$=9(x^2-2x+1)+(y^2-6y+9)+2(z^2+2z+1)+10$
$=9(x-1)^2+(y-3)^2+2(z+1)^2+10\geq 10$
Vậy $B_{\min}=10$. Giá trị này đạt tại $(x-1)^2=(y-3)^2=(z+1)^2$
$\Leftrightarrow x=1; y=3; z=-1$
$C=x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz+3$
$2C=2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz+6$
$=(x^2-2xy+y^2)+(y^2-2yz+z^2)+(x^2-2xz+z^2)+6$
$=(x-y)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-x)^2+6\geq 6$
$\Rightarrow C\geq 3$
Vậy $C_{\min}=3$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x-y=y-z=z-x=0$
$\Leftrihgtarrow x=y=z$
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$D=5x^2+2y^2+4xy-2x+4y+2021$
$=2(y^2+2xy+x^2)+3x^2-2x+4y+2021$
$=2(x+y)^2+4(x+y)+3x^2-6x+2021$
$=2(x+y)^2+4(x+y)+2+3(x^2-2x+1)+2016$
$=2[(x+y)^2+2(x+y)+1]+3(x^2-2x+1)+2016$
$=2(x+y+1)^2+3(x-1)^2+2016\geq 2016$
Vậy $D_{\min}=2016$ khi $x+y+1=x-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=1; y=-2$
\(P=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x-y\right)+1+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-16\\ P=\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)+1+\left(y-4\right)^2-16\\ P=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-16\ge-16\)
\(P_{min}=-16\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=-1\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P=\left(x^2+y^2+1-2xy+2x-2y\right)+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-16\\ =\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-16\\ \ge-16\)
dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi y=4,x=3
A = x 2 + 2 y 2 – 2 x y + 2 x – 10 y ⇔ A = x 2 + y 2 + 1 – 2 x y + 2 x – 2 y + y 2 – 8 y + 16 – 17 ⇔ A = ( x 2 + y 2 + 12 – 2 . x . y + 2 . x . 1 – 2 . y . 1 ) + ( y 2 – 2 . 4 . y + 4 2 ) – 17 ⇔ A = ( x – y + 1 ) 2 + ( y – 4 ) 2 – 17
Vì với mọi x; y nên A ≥ -17 với mọi x; y
=> A = -17
⇔ x − y + 1 = 0 y − 4 = 0 ⇔ x = y − 1 y = 4 ⇔ x = 3 y = 4
Vậy A đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất là A = -17 tại x = 3 y = 4
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
Bài 1 :
=-5(x^2+4/5x+19/25)
=-5(x^2+2x.2/5+4/25+3/5)
=-5(x+2/5)^2-3
Vì (x+2/5)^2 lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0 =>-5(x+2/5)^2-3 nhỏ hơn hoặc bằng-3
Vậy Min là-3