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\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A-\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^3}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=3\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{A}=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3^{99}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1:
1) \(9A=3^3+3^5+...+3^{113}\)
\(\Rightarrow8A=9A-A=3^3+3^5+...+3^{113}-3-3^3-...-3^{111}=3^{113}-3\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3^{113}-3}{8}\)
2) \(9B=3^4+3^6+...+3^{202}\)
\(\Rightarrow8B=9B-B=3^4+3^6+...+3^{202}-3^2-3^4-...-3^{200}=3^{202}-3^2=3^{202}-9\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{3^{202}-9}{8}\)
3) \(25C=5^3+5^5+...+5^{101}\)
\(\Rightarrow24C=25C-C=5^3+5^5+...+5^{101}-5-5^3-...-5^{99}=5^{101}-5\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\dfrac{5^{101}-5}{24}\)
4) \(25D=5^4+5^6+...+5^{102}\)
\(\Rightarrow24D=25D-D=5^4+5^6+...+5^{102}-5^2-5^4-...-5^{100}=5^{102}-25\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\dfrac{5^{102}-25}{24}\)
Bài 2:
a) Gọi d là UCLN(2n+1,n+1)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2n+1⋮d\\n+1⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2n+1⋮d\\2n+2⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2n+2\right)-\left(2n+1\right)⋮d\Rightarrow1⋮d\)
Vậy 2n+1 và n+1 là 2 số nguyên tố cùng nhau
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2n+1}{n+1}\) là phân số tối giản
b) Gọi d là UCLN(2n+3,3n+4)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2n+3⋮d\\3n+4⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6n+9⋮d\\6n+8⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(6n+9\right)-\left(6n+8\right)⋮d\Rightarrow1⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2n+3}{3n+4}\) là phân số tối giản
C = 3 - 32 + 33 - 34 + 35 - 36 +...+ 323 - 324
3C = 32 - 33 + 34 - 35 + 36-...- 323 + 324 - 325
3C - C = -325 - 3
2C = -325 - 3
2C = - ( 325 + 3) = - [(34)6. 3 + 3] = - [\(\overline{...1}\)6.3+3] = -[ \(\overline{..3}\) + 3]
2C = - \(\overline{..6}\)
⇒ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}C=\overline{..3}\\C=\overline{..8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ C không thể chia hết cho 420 ( xem lại đề bài em nhé)
b, (\(x+1\))2022 + (\(\sqrt{y-1}\) )2023 = 0
Vì (\(x+1\))2022 ≥ 0
\(\sqrt{y-1}\) ≥ 0 ⇒ (\(\sqrt{y-1}\))2023 ≥ 0
Vậy (\(x\) + 1)2022 + (\(\sqrt{y-1}\))2023 = 0
⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)^{2022}=0\\\sqrt{y-1}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Kết luận: cặp (\(x,y\)) thỏa mãn đề bài là:
(\(x,y\)) = (-1; 1)
\(D=1+3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2022}\)
\(3D=3.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2022}\right)\)
\(3D=3+3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+...+3^{2023}\)
\(3D-D=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+...+3^{2023}\right)-\left(1+3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2022}\right)\)
\(2D=\left(3^{2023}-1\right)\)
\(D=\left(3^{2023}-1\right):2\)
3D=3+3^2+...+3^2023
=>2D=3^2023-1
=>\(D=\dfrac{3^{2023}-1}{2}\)
a: \(1+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+2\right)+\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+2+3\right)+...+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(1+2+3+...+16\right)\)
\(=1+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2\cdot3}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3\cdot4}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{16}\cdot\dfrac{16\cdot17}{2}\)
\(=1+\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{4}{2}+...+\dfrac{17}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2+3+4+...+17\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot152=76\)
b: Sửa đề: \(\left[\left(\dfrac{2}{193}-\dfrac{3}{386}\right)\cdot\dfrac{193}{17}+\dfrac{33}{34}\right]:\left[\left(\dfrac{7}{1931}+\dfrac{11}{3862}\right)\cdot\dfrac{1931}{25}+\dfrac{9}{2}\right]\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2}{193}\cdot\dfrac{193}{17}-\dfrac{3}{386}\cdot\dfrac{193}{17}+\dfrac{33}{34}\right):\left[\dfrac{7}{1931}\cdot\dfrac{1931}{25}+\dfrac{11}{3862}\cdot\dfrac{1931}{25}+\dfrac{9}{2}\right]\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2}{17}-\dfrac{3}{34}+\dfrac{33}{34}\right):\left(\dfrac{7}{25}+\dfrac{11}{50}+\dfrac{9}{2}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2}{17}+\dfrac{30}{34}\right):\dfrac{14+11+225}{50}\)
\(=1\cdot\dfrac{50}{250}=1\cdot\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
c: Sửa đề: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{13}}{\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{2}{13}}\cdot\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{3}{16}-\dfrac{3}{64}-\dfrac{3}{256}}{1-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{64}}+\dfrac{5}{8}\)
\(=\dfrac{1\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{13}\right)}{2\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{13}\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{64}\right)}{1-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{64}}+\dfrac{5}{8}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{5}{8}=\dfrac{3}{8}+\dfrac{5}{8}=1\)
d: \(\dfrac{0,125-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{7}}{0,375-\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{3}{7}}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-0,2}{\dfrac{3}{4}+0,5-\dfrac{3}{10}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{7}}{\dfrac{3}{8}-\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{3}{7}}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}}{\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{3}{6}-\dfrac{3}{10}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{7}}{3\left(\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{7}\right)}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}}{\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}+1:\dfrac{3}{2}=1\)
S = (1/31+1/32+1/33+...+1/40) + (1/41 + 1/42 + ...+ 1/50) + (1/51 + 1/52+...+1/59+1/60)
Mà : (1/31+1/32+1/33+...+1/40) > 1/40 x 10 = 1/4 (gồm 10 số hạng)
Tương tự : (1/41 + 1/42 + ...+ 1/50) > 1/5 ; (1/51 + 1/52+...+1/59+1/60) > 1/6
S > 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/6.
Trong khi đó (1/4 + 1/5 + 1/6) > 3/5
=>S > 3/5 (1)
S = (1/31+1/32+1/33+...+1/40) + (1/41 + 1/42 + ...+ 1/50) + (1/51 + 1/52+...+1/59+1/60)
Mà : (1/31+1/32+1/33+...+1/40) < 1/31 x 10 = 10/30 = 1/3 (gồm 10 số hạng)
=> S < 4/5 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => 3/5 <S<4/5