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a: \(\Leftrightarrow2n^2+n-2n-1+3⋮2n+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2n+1\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{0;-1;1;-2\right\}\)
b: \(\Leftrightarrow2n^2-4n+5n-10+3⋮n-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n-2\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{3;1;5;-1\right\}\)
c: \(\Leftrightarrow10n^2-15n+8n-12+7⋮2n-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2n-3\in\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{2;1;5;-2\right\}\)
d: \(\Leftrightarrow2n^2-n+4n-2+5⋮2n-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2n-1\in\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{1;0;3;-2\right\}\)
a) Ta có: ( 3 n - 1 ) 2 - 4 = (3n - 1 - 2)(3n - 1 + 2) = 3(n - l)(3n + 1).
Do 3(n - 1)(3n + l) chia hết cho 3 với mọi số tự nhiên n, nên ( 3 n - 1 ) 2 - 4 chia hết cho 3 với mọi số tự nhiên n;
b) Ta có: 100 - ( 7 n + 3 ) 2 =(7 - 7n)(13 – 7n) = 7(1 - n)(13 -7n) chia hết cho 7 với n là số tự nhiên.
1: \(\Leftrightarrow3n^3+n^2+9n^2+3n-3n-1-4⋮3n+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3n+1\in\left\{1;4;2;-2;-1;-4\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3n\in\left\{0;3;-3\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{0;1;-1\right\}\)
Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(\left(3n-1\right)^2-4\)
\(=\left(3n-1-2\right)\left(3n-1+2\right)\)
\(=\left(3n-3\right)\left(3n+1\right)\)
\(=3\cdot\left(n-1\right)\cdot\left(3n+1\right)⋮3\forall n\in N\)(đpcm)
b) Ta có: \(100-\left(7n+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left[10-\left(7n+3\right)\right]\left[10+\left(7n+3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(10-7n-3\right)\left(10+7n+3\right)\)
\(=\left(7-7n\right)\left(13+7n\right)\)
\(=7\cdot\left(1-n\right)\cdot\left(13+7n\right)⋮7\forall n\in N\)(đpcm)
c) Ta có: \(\left(3n+1\right)^2-25\)
\(=\left(3n+1-5\right)\left(3n+1+5\right)\)
\(=\left(3n-4\right)\left(3n+6\right)\)
\(=3\cdot\left(3n-4\right)\cdot\left(n+2\right)⋮3\forall n\in N\)(đpcm)
d) Ta có: \(\left(4n+1\right)^2-9\)
\(=\left(4n+1-3\right)\left(4n+1+3\right)\)
\(=\left(4n-2\right)\left(4n+4\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(2n-1\right)\cdot4\cdot\left(n+1\right)\)
\(=8\cdot\left(2n-1\right)\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮8\forall n\in N\)(đpcm)
(3n-5)(2n+1)+7(n-1)=6n2-7n-5+7n-7
=6n2-12
=3(2n-4)
=>(3n-5)(2n+1)+7(n-1) chia hết cho 3, với mọi n
(n-4)(5n+3)-(n+1)(5n-2)+4=5n2-17n-12-(5n2+3n-2)
=5n2-17n-12-5n2-3n+2
=-20n-10
=5(-4n-2)
=>(n-4)(5n+3)-(n+1)(5n-2)+4 chia hết cho 5, với mọi n
để 2n3+n2 +7n+1 chia hết cho 2n-1 thì 2 \(⋮2n-1\)
=>2n-1 \(\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
ta có bảng sau
| 2n-1 | -1 | 1 | -2 | 2 |
| n | 0 | 1 | \(\dfrac{-1}{2}\) | 1,5 |
| tm | tm | loại | loại |
vậy n \(\in\left\{0;1\right\}\)
\(a) 5^{n+1}+7.5^n+5.7^{n+2}+7^{n+3}\\ =5^n . 5+7.5^n+5.7^{n+2}+7^{n+2}.7\\ =5^n( 5+7)+7^{n+2}(5+7)\\ =5^n.12+7^{n+2}.12\\ =12.(5^n+7^{n+2})\)
Vì 12 ⋮ 2
=> 12.5n + 7n+2 ⋮ 2
Vậy \( 5^{n+1}+7.5^n+5.7^{n+2}+7^{n+3}\\\)⋮ 2
\(b) 3^{n+1}+4^{b+1}+3.4^b+4.3^n\\ =3^n.3+4^b.4+3.4^b+4.3^n\\ =(4^b.4+3.4^b)+(3^n.3+4.3^n)\\ =4^b(4+3)+3^n(3+4)\\ =4^n.7+3^n.7\\ =7.(4^n+3^n)\)
Vì 7 ⋮ 7
=>7.(4n + 3n) ⋮ 7
Vậy \(3^{n+1}+4^{b+1}+3.4^b+4.3^n\\\)⋮ 7