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a/ x = 118
b/ x = 134
c/ 54x - 44 = 12457986
=> 54x = 12458030
=> x = 230704,2593
\(\frac{87}{89}< \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{2011\sqrt{2010}}< \frac{88}{45}\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{2011\sqrt{2010}}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}}>\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}>\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)k}=\frac{1}{k}-\frac{1}{k+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2010}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}>A>1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2010}-\frac{1}{2011}\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}>A>1-\frac{1}{2011}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{88}{45}>\frac{2011-\sqrt{2011}}{2011}>A>\frac{2010}{2011}>\frac{87}{89}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{87}{89}< \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{2011\sqrt{2010}}< \frac{88}{45}\)
tổng quát nhé \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(k+1\right)k}}>\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}>\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)k}=\frac{1}{k}-\frac{1}{k+1}\)
Đặt A= \(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{2011\sqrt{2010}}\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2010}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}>A>1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2010}-\frac{1}{2011}\)\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}>A>1-\frac{1}{2011}\Leftrightarrow\frac{88}{45}>\frac{2011-\sqrt{2011}}{2011}>A>\frac{2010}{2011}>\frac{87}{89}\)
Xét với n là số tự nhiên không nhỏ hơn 1 , ta có
\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\sqrt{n}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Áp dụng điều trên :
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{2010\sqrt{2009}}< \)
\(< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2009}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2010}}\right)=2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2010}}\right)< \)
\(< 2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2025}}\right)=\frac{88}{45}\)
\(a,đk:x\ge5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{4\left(x-5\right)}-\dfrac{1}{5}\sqrt{9\left(x-5\right)}=3\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}+2\sqrt{x-5}-\dfrac{1}{5}.3\sqrt{x-5}=3\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{12}{5}\sqrt{x-5}=3\\ \Rightarrow\sqrt{x-5}=\dfrac{5}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-5}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x-5=\dfrac{25}{16}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{25}{16}+5\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{105}{16}\left(t|m\right)\)
\(b,đk:x\ge1\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{4\left(x-1\right)}-\sqrt{25\left(x-1\right)}=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{x-1}-5\sqrt{x-1}=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow-2\sqrt{x-1}=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x-1=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x=2\left(t|m\right)\)
25 + 45 + 56 + 89 + 5 + 2 + 45 = 267
25 + 45 + 56 + 89 + 5 + 2 + 45
= 267