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Bài 2
b, `\sqrt{3x^2}=x+2` ĐKXĐ : `x>=0`
`=>(\sqrt{3x^2})^2=(x+2)^2`
`=>3x^2=x^2+4x+4`
`=>3x^2-x^2-4x-4=0`
`=>2x^2-4x-4=0`
`=>x^2-2x-2=0`
`=>(x^2-2x+1)-3=0`
`=>(x-1)^2=3`
`=>(x-1)^2=(\pm \sqrt{3})^2`
`=>` $\left[\begin{matrix} x-1=\sqrt{3}\\ x-1=-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.$
`=>` $\left[\begin{matrix} x=1+\sqrt{3}\\ x=1-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.$
Vậy `S={1+\sqrt{3};1-\sqrt{3}}`
b: Ta có: \(\sqrt[3]{-0.008}-\dfrac{1}{5}\cdot\sqrt[3]{64}+5\cdot\sqrt[3]{\left(-5\right)^3}\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{5}\cdot4+5\cdot\left(-5\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{4}{5}-25\)
=-26
\(a) \sqrt{4x^2− 9} = 2\sqrt{x + 3}\)
\(ĐK:x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow4x^2-9=4\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-9=4x+12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x-21=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{22}}{2}\left(l\right)\\x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{22}}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b)\sqrt{4x-20}+3.\sqrt{\dfrac{x-5}{9}}-\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{9x-45}=4\)
\(ĐK:x\ge5\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-5}-\sqrt{x-5}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-5}=4\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-5=4\Leftrightarrow x=9\left(tm\right)\)
\(c)\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt{9x-9}-\dfrac{1}{4}\sqrt{16x-16}+27.\sqrt{\dfrac{x-1}{81}}=4\)
ĐK:x>=1
\(pt\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{x-1}+3\sqrt{x-1}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x-1}=4\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=1\Leftrightarrow x=2\left(tm\right)\)
\(d)5\sqrt{\dfrac{9x-27}{25}}-7\sqrt{\dfrac{4x-12}{9}}-7\sqrt{x^2-9}+18\sqrt{\dfrac{9x^2-81}{81}}=0\)
\(ĐK:x\ge3\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x-3}-\dfrac{14}{3}\sqrt{x-3}-7\sqrt{x^2-9}+6\sqrt{x^2-9}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{5}{3}\sqrt{x-3}-\sqrt{x^2-9}=0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}\sqrt{x-3}+\sqrt{x^2-9}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow(\dfrac{5}{3}+\sqrt{x+3})\sqrt{x-3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-3}=0\) (vì \(\dfrac{5}{3}+\sqrt{x+3}>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=3\left(nhận\right)\)
\(1.\text{ }\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k}-\sqrt{k+1}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{k}-\sqrt{k+1}\right)}\\ =-\left(\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}\right)\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}}-...-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{8}-\sqrt{9}}\\ =-\left(\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}\right)+\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)-\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)+...+\left(\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{9}\right)\\ =-\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}+...+\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{9}\\ \\ =\sqrt{9}-\sqrt{1}=2\)
\(2.\text{ }\dfrac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}k}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}\right)\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(k+1-k\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}}\\ =\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\\ \Rightarrow\text{ }\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{7\sqrt{6}+6\sqrt{7}}\\ =\text{ }\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}}\\ =\text{ }\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}}\\ \text{ }1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}}\)
1.\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{5}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{7}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{8}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{8}-\sqrt{9}}=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{2}}{1-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{2-3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}{3-4}-\dfrac{\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{5}}{4-5}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{6}}{5-6}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{7}}{6-7}+\dfrac{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{8}}{7-8}-\dfrac{\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{9}}{8-9}=-1-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{9}=\sqrt{9}-1=3-1=2\)
`a)(5sqrt2-2sqrt5)/(sqrt5-sqrt2)+6/(2-sqrt{10})`
`=(sqrt{10}(sqrt5-sqrt2))/(sqrt5-sqrt2)+(6(2+sqrt{10}))/(4-10)`
`=sqrt{10}-(2+sqrt{10})`
`=-2`
`b)6/(sqrt5-1)+7/(1-sqrt3)-2/(sqrt3-sqrt5)`
`=(6(sqrt5+1))/(5-1)+(7(1+sqrt3))/(1-3)-(2(sqrt3+sqrt5))/(3-5)`
`=(6(sqrt5+1))/4-(7+7sqrt3)/2+sqrt3+sqrt5`
`=(3sqrt5+3)/2-(7+7sqrt3)/2+sqrt3+sqrt5`
`=(3sqrt5+3-7-7sqrt3+2sqrt3+2sqrt5)/2`
`=(5sqrt5-5sqrt3-4)/2`
a: Ta có: \(\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{6}{3+\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{7}-7}{\sqrt{7}-1}\)
\(=\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{3}+3-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{7}\)
=3
\(A=3\sqrt{2}+5\sqrt{8}-2\sqrt{50}\)
\(=3\sqrt{2}+10\sqrt{2}-10\sqrt{2}\)
\(=3\sqrt{2}\)
\(b,\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{7+3\sqrt{5}}-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\sqrt{14+6\sqrt{5}}-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\sqrt{\sqrt{5^2}+2.3\sqrt{5}+3^2}-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+3\right)^2}-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\left|\sqrt{5}+3\right|-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{5}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)-4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\dfrac{2+2\sqrt{5}-4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\dfrac{-2+2\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\dfrac{2\left(-1+\sqrt{5}\right)}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =2\)
\(c,\sqrt{27}-6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{3}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-3}{\sqrt{3}}\\ =3\sqrt{3}-\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-3}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{3}-6+\sqrt{3}-3}{\sqrt{3}}\\ =\dfrac{9-6+\sqrt{3}-3}{\sqrt{3}}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}\\ =1\)
\(d,\dfrac{9-2\sqrt{3}}{3\sqrt{6}-2\sqrt{2}}\\ =\dfrac{\left(9-2\sqrt{3}\right)\left(3\sqrt{6}+2\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(3\sqrt{6}-2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3\sqrt{6}+2\sqrt{2}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{27\sqrt{6}+18\sqrt{2}-18\sqrt{2}-4\sqrt{6}}{\left(3\sqrt{6}\right)^2-\left(2\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\\ =\dfrac{23\sqrt{6}}{54-8}\\ =\dfrac{23\sqrt{6}}{46}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
Giải chi tiết từng bước nha