cho a b c và x y z thỏa mãn a+b+c=1(1) a^2+b^2+c^2=1(2), x/a=y/b=z/c(3). Cm xy+yz+xz=0
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ta có: \(x+y+z=a\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow b+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=a^2\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz=\frac{a^2-b}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow c\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=xyz\)
Ta có:\(x^3+y^3+z^3=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)+3xyz\)
\(=a\left(b-\frac{a^2-b}{2}\right)+\frac{3c\left(a^2-b\right)}{2}\)
ta có: \(\frac{x^2-yz}{a}=\frac{y^2-xz}{b}=\frac{z^2-xy}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{x^2-yz}=\frac{b}{y^2-xz}=\frac{c}{z^2-xy}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{\left(x^2-yz\right)^2}=\frac{b^2}{\left(y^2-xz\right)^2}=\frac{c^2}{\left(z^2-xy\right)^2}\) (1)
=> \(\frac{a}{\left(x^2-yz\right)}.\frac{a}{\left(x^2-yz\right)}=\frac{b}{y^2-xz}.\frac{c}{z^2-xy}=\frac{a^2}{\left(x^2-yz\right)^2}=\frac{bc}{\left(y^2-xz\right).\left(z^2-xy\right)}\)
a^2/(x^2-yz)^2 = (a^2-bc)/[(x^2-yz)^2 - (y^2-xz)(z^2-xy)] = (a^2-bc)/[x (x^3 + y^3 + z^3 - 3xyz)] =>
(a^2-bc)/x = [a^2/(x^2 - yz)^2] * (x^3 + y^3 + z^3 - 3xyz) (2)
Thực hiện tương tự ta cũng có
(b^2-ac)/y = [b^2/(y^2 - xz)^2] * (x^3 + y^3 + z^3 - 3xyz) (3)
(c^2-ab)/z = [c^2/(z^2 - xy)^2] * (x^3 + y^3 + z^3 - 3xyz) (4)
Từ (1),(2),(3),(4) => (a^2-bc)/x = (b^2-ac)/y = (c^2-ab)/z.
Câu 2: \(\left(\frac{xy}{z}+\frac{yz}{x}+\frac{xz}{y}\right)^2=\left(\frac{xy}{z}\right)^2+\left(\frac{yz}{x}\right)^2+\left(\frac{xz}{y}\right)^2+2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{xy}{z}\right)^2+\left(\frac{yz}{x}\right)^2+\left(\frac{xz}{y}\right)^2+6\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta có :
\(\left(\frac{xy}{z}\right)^2+\left(\frac{yz}{x}\right)^2+\left(\frac{xz}{y}\right)^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{xy}{z}\right)^2\left(\frac{yz}{x}\right)^2\left(\frac{xy}{y}\right)^2}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xyz\right)^4}{\left(xyz\right)^2}}=3\)\(\frac{xy}{z}+\frac{yz}{x}+\frac{xz}{y}\ge\sqrt{3+6}=3\left(dpcm\right)\)
tại sao lại suy ra đc \(3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xyz\right)^4}{\left(xyz\right)^{^2}}}=3\) vậy cậu?
Ta có: \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)\)
khi đó:
\(P\le\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(a+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{2}{c+a}\)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{a+b}=\frac{4}{a+b}\)=> \(\frac{2}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
=> \(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1
Vậy max P = 3 tại a = b = c =1.
Không thích làm cách này đâu nhưng đường cùng rồi nên thua-_-
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+y}=a;\sqrt{y+z}=b;\sqrt{z+x}=c\) suy ra
\(x=\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2};y=\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2};z=\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2}\). Ta cần chứng minh:
\(abc\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)
Đây là bất đẳng thức Schur bậc 3, ta có đpcm.