Cho 6,5g Zn phản ứng hết 150ml dụng dịch HCl a) Tính VH2 điều kiện thường thu được bằng? b) tính cm HCl bang đầu bằng?
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\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5.100}{10}=146\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ C\%_{ddZnCl_2}=\dfrac{136.0,2}{13+146-0,2.2}.100\approx17,15\%\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5.100}{10}=146\left(g\right)\)
mdd sau pứ = 13+146-0,2.2 = 158,6 (g)
\(C\%_{ddZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.136.100\%}{158,6}=17,15\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.1.......0.2......................0.1\)
Chất rắn X : Cu
\(m_{Zn}=0.1\cdot65=6.5\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=19.3-6.5=12.8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12.8}{64}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.2}{0.2}=1\left(M\right)\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^o}}}2CuO\)
\(0.2........0.1\)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=0.1\cdot32=3.2\left(g\right)\)
Zn +2 HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1-----0,2----------0,1-------------0,1 mol
ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2O
0,2------0,4-------0,2--------0,2
n H2=\(\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
=>m Zn=0,1.65=6,5g
=>m HCl(1)=0,2.36,5=7,3g
=>m HCl(2)=14,6g -> nHCl=0,4 mol
=>%m Zn=\(\dfrac{6,5}{6,5+14,4}.100=31,1\%\)
=>%m ZnO=68,9%
b)
->m HCl=0,6.36,5=21,9g
->m ZnCl2=0,3.136=40,8g
a) pư thuộc loại phản ứng thế
b) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,3}{65}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,02 0,04 0,02 0,02
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=136.0,02=2,72\left(g\right)\\
V_{H_2}=0,02.22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\\
C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,4}=0,1M\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Zn + 2HCl -----> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
b, \(m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
c, \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2<--0,4<--------0,2<---0,2
\(b,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,1.65=13\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ c,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow24x+65y=11,3\left(1\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=0,3\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2mol\\y=0,1mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot24}{11,3}\cdot100\%=42,48\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-42,48\%=57,52\%\)
b)\(n_{HCl}=2\left(n_{Mg}+n_{Zn}\right)=2\cdot\left(0,2+0,1\right)=0,6mol\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,04\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,04.65=2,6\left(g\right)\)
⇒ mCu = 9 - 2,6 = 6,4 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{2,6}{9}.100\%\approx28,89\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx71,11\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1<---0,2------>0,1--->0,1
=> mZn = 0,1.65 = 6,5(g)
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(l)
=> mZnCl2 = 0,1.136 = 13,6(g)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(M\right)\)