\(2.2^2+3.2^3+4.2^4+...+n.2^n\)
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Lời giải:
$2^n+34=2.2^2+3.2^3+....+n.2^n$
$2^{n+1}+68=2.2^3+3.2^4+....+n.2^{n+1}$
Trừ theo vế:
$2^n+34=n.2^{n+1}-(8+2^3+2^4+...+2^n)$
$n.2^{n+1}-2^n-42=2^3+2^4+...+2^n$
$n.2^{n+2}-2^{n+1}-84=2^4+....+2^{n+1}$
Trừ theo vế:
$n.2^{n+1}-2^n-42=2^{n+1}-8$
$2^n(2n-3)=34=17.2$
$\Rightarrow 2^n=2$ và $2n-3=17$ (vô lý)
Vậy không tìm được $n$.
\(Đặt\) \(A=2.2^2+3.2^3+4.2^4+...+n.2^n\)
\(2A=2.2^3+3.2^4+4.2^5+....+n.2^{n+1}\)
\(2A-A=2.2^3+3.2^4+4.2^5+....+n.2^{n+1}-\left(2.2^2+3.2^3+4.2^4+...+n.2^n\right)\)
\(=-2.2^2-2^3-2^4-...-2^n+n.2^{n+1}\)
\(=-2^2-\left(2^2+2^3+...+2^n\right)+n.2^{n+1}\)
\(=-2^2-\left(2^{n+1}-2^2\right)+n.2^{n+1}\)
\(=\left(n-1\right).2^{n+1}\)
=> \(\left(n-1\right).2^{n+1}=2^{n+16}=2^{n+1}.2^{15}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n-1=2^{15}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n=2^{15}+1\)
Đặt \(A=2.2^2+3.2^3+...+n.2^n\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2.2^3+3.2^4+...+n.2^{n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A-2A=2.2^2+\left(3.2^3-2.2^3\right)+...+\left[n.2^n-\left(n-1\right).2^n\right]-n.2^{n-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow-A=2.2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^n-n.2^{n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow-A=2+2^1+2^2+2^3+...+2^n-n.2^{n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow-2A=4+2^2+2^3+...+2^{n+1}-n.2^{n+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow-A-\left(-2A\right)=2+2^1-4-n.2^{n+1}-2^{n+1}+n.2^{n+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=n.2^{n+2}-\left(n+1\right)2^{n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2n.2^{n+1}-\left(n+1\right)2^{n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(n-1\right).2^{n+1}\)