Tìm GTNN :
A= x-13/x-4
B= 5x+13/x+2
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Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
\(A=\left(3x+\dfrac{3}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{4}{9}y+\dfrac{4}{y}\right)+\left(2x+y\right)\\ A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9x}{x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{16y}{9y}}+5\\ A\ge2\cdot3+2\cdot\dfrac{4}{3}+5=\dfrac{41}{3}\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=\dfrac{41}{3}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=\dfrac{3}{x}\\\dfrac{4y}{9}=\dfrac{4}{y}\\2x+y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(A=5-8x-x^2=-\left(x^2+8x-5\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+8x+16-21\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(x+4\right)^2-21\right]\)
\(=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21\le21\)
Vậy \(A_{max}=21\Leftrightarrow x+4=0\Leftrightarrow x=-4\)
\(B=5x-3x^2=-3\left(x^2-\frac{5}{3}x\right)\)
\(=-3\left(x^2-\frac{5}{3}x+\frac{35}{36}-\frac{25}{36}\right)\)
\(=-3\left[\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2-\frac{25}{36}\right]\)
\(=-3\left[\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2\right]+\frac{25}{12}\le\frac{25}{12}\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=\frac{25}{12}\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{5}{6}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{5}{6}\)
2. a. \(A=2x^2-8x-10=2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-18\)
\(=2\left(x-2\right)^2-18\)
Vì \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)\(\Rightarrow2\left(x-2\right)^2-18\ge-18\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Vậy minA = - 18 <=> x = 2
b. \(B=9x-3x^2=-3\left(x^2-3x+\frac{9}{4}\right)+\frac{27}{4}\)
\(=-3\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{27}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)\(\Rightarrow-3\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{27}{4}\le\frac{27}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-3\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy maxB = 27/4 <=> x = 3/2
\(B=3x^2-6x+1=3x^2-6x+3-2=3\times\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-2=3\times\left(x-1\right)^2-2\)
\(3\times\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow3\times\left(x-1\right)^2-2\ge-2\)
\(MinB=-2\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(A=-5x^2-4x+13=-5\times\left(x^2+\frac{4}{5}x-\frac{13}{5}\right)=-5\times\left(x^2+2\times x\times\frac{2}{5}+\frac{4}{25}-\frac{4}{25}-\frac{13}{5}\right)=-5\times\left[\left(x+\frac{2}{5}\right)^2-\frac{69}{25}\right]\)
\(\left(x+\frac{2}{5}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{2}{5}\right)^2-\frac{69}{25}\ge-\frac{69}{25}\Rightarrow-5\times\left[\left(x+\frac{2}{5}\right)^2-\frac{69}{25}\right]\le\frac{69}{5}\)
\(M\text{ax}A=\frac{69}{5}\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{2}{5}\)
\(B=-x^2-10x+8=-x^2-10x-25+33=33-\left(x+5\right)^2\)
\(\left(x+5\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow33-\left(x+5\right)^2\le33\)
\(M\text{ax}B=33\Leftrightarrow x=-5\)
A=(x+2)^2+5
(x+2)^2≥0
Dấu = xay ra ⇔x=-2
Vậy GTNN của A=5<=>x=-2
B=(x-2)^2+9
(x-2)^2≥0
Dấu = xay ra ⇔x=2
Vậy GTNN của B=9<=>x=2
a. /x+7/+3=2
=>/x+7/=-1
=>x ko tồn tại
b.1</x-2/<4
=>/x-2/ thuộc {2;3}
=>x-2 thuộc {2;-2;3;-3}
=>x thuộc {4;0;5;-1}
c./2x-5/=13
=>2x-5 =13 hoặc 2x-5=-13
=>2x=18 hoặc 2x =-8
=>x=9 hoặc x=-4
d;e làm tương tự !
Sửa đề bài: Tìm x nguyển để các biểu thức đó nguyên:
Ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{x-13}{x-4}=\dfrac{x-4-9}{x-4}=\dfrac{x-4}{x-4}-\dfrac{9}{x-4}=1-\dfrac{9}{x-4}\)
Để A nguyên thì \(\dfrac{9}{x-4}\) phải nguyên
\(\Rightarrow9\) ⋮ x - 4
\(\Rightarrow x-4\inƯ\left(9\right)=\left\{1;-1;3;-3;9;-9\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{5;3;7;1;13;-5\right\}\)
_____________
Ta có:
\(B=\dfrac{5x+1}{x+2}=\dfrac{5x+10-9}{x+2}=\dfrac{5\left(x+2\right)-9}{x+2}=5-\dfrac{9}{x+2}\)
Để B nguyên thì \(\dfrac{9}{x+2}\) phải nguyên:
\(\Rightarrow9\) ⋮ x + 2
\(\Rightarrow x+2\inƯ\left(9\right)=\left\{1;-1;3;-3;9;-9\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-1;-3;1;-5;7;-11\right\}\)