dùng 250ml dung dịch sulfuric acid H2SO4 1M để trung hoà hoàn toàn dung dịch sodium hydroxide NaOH 2M
a. tính thể tích dung dịch NaOH phản ứng.
b.tính nồng độ mol của dung dịch muối tạo thành.
giúp mình với ạaa 5h mình phải học rùi :((
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\(a.2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ b.n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CM_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,1}=2,5M\\ c.n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,25.142=35,5\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2 :
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
0,1 0,3 0,1 0,3
\(m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.400=40\left(g\right)\)
\(b,V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(l\right)\)
\(c,C_{M\left(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,15}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(M\right)\)
Bài 3 :
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4.8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
\(m_{MgSO_4}=0,2.120=24\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
\(c,C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)
\(d,C_{M\left(MgSO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)
Bài 4 :
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,3 0,45 0,15 0,45
\(V_{H_2}=0,45.24,79=11,1555\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,45.98=44,1\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{44,1}{300}.100\%=14,7\%\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,15.342=51,3\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd}=8,1+300-\left(0,45.2\right)=307,2\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{51,3}{307,2}.100\%\approx16,7\%\)
Bài 5 :
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,958}{24,79}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M\left(FeCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)
Bài 8: Bạn bổ sung thêm đề phần này nhé.
Bài 9: Bài này giống bài 2 bên dưới nhé.
Bài 10:
\(n_{Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3+3NaOH\rightarrow3NaNO_3+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\)
a, \(n_{NaOH}=3n_{Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,9}{2}=0,45\left(l\right)\)
b, \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,15.160=24\left(g\right)\)
Bài 11:
Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.12\%}{40}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2NaOH+FeCl_2\rightarrow2NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\)
a, \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,3.127}{100}.100\%=38,1\%\)
b, \(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 200 + 100 - 0,3.90 = 273 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,6.58,5}{273}.100\%\approx12,86\%\)
a, \(n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: HCl + KOH → KCl + H2O
Mol: 0,4 0,4 0,4
b, \(V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{1,5}=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(l\right)\approx0,267\left(l\right)\)
c, \(C_{M_{ddKOH}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2+\dfrac{4}{15}}=\dfrac{6}{7}M\approx0,857M\)
a) \(n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: HCl + KOH → KCl + H2O
Mol: 0,4 0,4 0,4
b) \(V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{1,5}=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(l\right)\approx0,267\left(l\right)\)
c) \(C_{M_{ddKCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2+\dfrac{4}{15}}=\dfrac{6}{7}M\approx0,857M\)
a)\(CaSO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
tl 1..................2............1.............1..........1(mol)
br0,125........0,25......0,125........0,125....0,125(mol)
\(m_{CaSO_3}=\dfrac{15}{120}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VddHCl=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,25}{1}=0,25\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{MCaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,125}{0,25}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.1...........0.1.........0.1\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.24\cdot0.5=0.12\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.12..........0.06\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.1+0.06=0.16\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.16}{1}=0.16\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0.06}{0.16}=0.375\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{CuSO_4}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.16}=0.625\left(M\right)\)
PT: \(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25.1=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,25+0,25}=0,5\left(M\right)\)