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Tính: a) S = 2 + 2² + 2³ +....+2²⁰
B) A= 5+5²+5³+....+5⁹⁶
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b: \(A=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{60}-\dfrac{1}{63}+\dfrac{1}{63}-\dfrac{1}{66}+...+\dfrac{1}{117}-\dfrac{1}{120}\right)+\dfrac{2}{2003}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{1}{120}+\dfrac{2}{2003}\)
\(=2\left(\dfrac{1}{360}+\dfrac{1}{2003}\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{5}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{40}-\dfrac{1}{44}+\dfrac{1}{44}-\dfrac{1}{48}+...+\dfrac{1}{76}-\dfrac{1}{80}\right)+\dfrac{5}{2003}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{4}\cdot\dfrac{1}{80}+\dfrac{5}{2003}\)
\(=5\left(\dfrac{1}{320}+\dfrac{1}{2003}\right)\)
Vì 1/360+1/2003<1/320+1/2003
nên A<B
Ta co
+)A=2/60*63+2/63*66+...+2/117*120+2/2003
A*3/2=3/60*63+3/63*66+...+3/117*120+3/2003
A*3/2=1/60-1/63+1/63-1/66+...+1/117-1/120+3/2003
A*3/2=1/60-1/120+3/2003
A=(1/120+3/2003)*2/3
+)B=5/40*44+5/44*48+...+5/76*80+5/2003
B*4/5=4/40*44+4/44*48+...+4/76*80+4/2003
B*4/5=1/40-1/44+1/44-1/48+...+1/76-1/80+4/2003
B*4/5=1/40-1/80+4/2003
B=(1/80+4/2003)*5/4
Tu tren ta co A=(1/120+3/2003)*2/3
B=(1/80+4/2003)*5/4
Vay A<B(Vi 1/120<1/80;3/2003<4/2003;2/3<5/4)
a, Ta có: \(3^{21}>3^{20}\left(1\right)\)
\(2^{31}>2^{30}\)(2)
Mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3^{20}=3^{2.10}=\left(3^2\right)^{10}=9^{10}\\2^{30}=2^{3.10}=\left(2^3\right)^{10}=8^{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do \(9>8\Rightarrow9^{10}>8^{10}\Rightarrow3^{20}>2^{30}\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1);(2) và (3) ta suy ra \(3^{21}>2^{31}\)
a)\(3^{21}=\left(3^2\right)^{10}.3=9^{10.3}\)
\(2^{31}=\left(2^3\right)^{10}.2=8^{10}.2\)
Vì \(9^{10}.3>8^{10}.2\Rightarrow3^{21}>2^{31}\)
b)\(A=\dfrac{1+5+5^2+...+5^9}{1+5+5^2+...+5^8}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1+5+5^2+...+5^8}{1+5+5^2+...+5^8}+\dfrac{5^9}{1+5+5^2+...+5^8}\)
\(A=1+\dfrac{5^9}{1+5+5^2+..+5^9}\)
A=\(1+1:\dfrac{1+5+5^2+...+5^9}{5^9}\)
\(A=1+1:\left(\dfrac{1}{5^9}+\dfrac{1}{5^8}+\dfrac{1}{5^7}+...+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)
Tương tự \(B=1+1:\left(\dfrac{1}{3^9}+\dfrac{1}{3^8}+\dfrac{1}{3^7}+...+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{5^9}+\dfrac{1}{5^8}+\dfrac{1}{5^7}+....+\dfrac{1}{5}< \dfrac{1}{3^9}+\dfrac{1}{3^8}+...+\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>B\)
a) \(S=5+5^2+...+5^{2006}\)
\(5S=5^2+5^3+...+5^{2007}\)
\(5S-S=5^2+5^3+...+5^{2007}-5-5^2-...-5^{2006}\)
\(4S=5^{2007}-5\)
\(S=\dfrac{5^{2007}-5}{4}\)
b) Ta có:
\(S=5+5^2+...+5^{2006}\)
\(S=\left(5+5^2\right)+\left(5^3+5^4\right)+...+\left(5^{2005}+5^{2006}\right)\)
\(S=\left(5+25\right)+5^2\cdot\left(5+25\right)+...+5^{2004}\cdot\left(5+25\right)\)
\(S=30+5^2\cdot30+...+5^{2004}\cdot30\)
\(S=30\cdot\left(1+5^2+...+5^{2004}\right)\)
Vậy: S ⋮ 30
Bài 3:
a: a*S=a^2+a^3+...+a^2023
=>(a-1)*S=a^2023-a
=>\(S=\dfrac{a^{2023}-a}{a-1}\)
b: a*B=a^2-a^3+...-a^2023
=>(a+1)B=a-a^2023
=>\(B=\dfrac{a-a^{2023}}{a+1}\)
a, S = 2 + 22 + 23 + ...+ 220
2S = 22 + 23 +...+ 220 + 221
2S - S = 221 - 2
S = 221 - 2
b, A = 5 + 52 + 53 +...+ 596
5A = 52 + 53 +...+ 596 + 597
5A - A = 597 - 5
4A = 597 - 5
A = \(\dfrac{5^{97}-5}{4}\)