Tìm a, b, c, biết
a) \(\dfrac{a-1}{2}=\dfrac{b-2}{3}=\dfrac{c-3}{4}\) và \(a-2b+3c=14\)
b) \(\dfrac{2a}{3}=\dfrac{3b}{4}=\dfrac{4c}{5}\) và \(a+b+c=49\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
=>\(a=bk;c=dk\)
1: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+3\cdot dk}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b+3d\right)}{2b+3d}=k\)
\(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b-3d\right)}{2b-3d}=k\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)
2: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4\cdot bk-3b}{4\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k-3\right)}{d\left(4k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}=\dfrac{4bk+3b}{4dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k+3\right)}{d\left(4k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}\)
3: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)
4: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3bk-7b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k-7\right)}{b}=3k-7\)
\(\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}=\dfrac{3dk-7d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k-7\right)}{d}=3k-7\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}\)
\(P=\dfrac{5a+10b+15c}{4}+\left(\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3a}{4}\right)+\left(\dfrac{9}{2b}+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{4}{c}+\dfrac{c}{4}\right)\)
\(\ge\dfrac{5\left(a+2b+3c\right)}{4}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{a}.\dfrac{3a}{4}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{2b}.\dfrac{b}{2}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{c}.\dfrac{c}{4}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{5.20}{4}+3+3+2=33\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2;b=3;c=4
Vậy \(P_{min}=33\)
Câu a, b, c giống dạng nhau nên mình làm một câu a và câu d thôi nha, bạn tham khảo ^^
Giải:
a) \(a=\dfrac{b}{2}=\dfrac{c}{3}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ sô bằng nhau:
\(a=\dfrac{b}{2}=\dfrac{c}{3}=\dfrac{a-b+c}{1-2+3}=\dfrac{10}{2}=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5.1=5\\b=2.5=10\\c=3.5=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(a:b:c=3:4:5\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{9}=\dfrac{b^2}{16}=\dfrac{c^2}{25}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a^2}{18}=\dfrac{2b^2}{32}=\dfrac{3c^2}{75}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ sô bằng nhau:
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a^2}{18}=\dfrac{2b^2}{32}=\dfrac{3c^2}{75}=\dfrac{2a^2+2b^2-3c^2}{18+32-75}=\dfrac{-100}{-25}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=\dfrac{4.18}{2}=36\\b^2=\dfrac{4.32}{2}=64\\c^2=\dfrac{4.75}{3}=100\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\pm6\\b=\pm8\\c=\pm10\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,Tacó:\\ \dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{5}=\dfrac{a^3}{2^3}=\dfrac{a\cdot a\cdot a}{2\cdot2\cdot2}=\dfrac{a\cdot b\cdot c}{2\cdot3\cdot5}=\dfrac{810}{30}=27\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=27\cdot2=54\\b=27\cdot3=81\\c=27\cdot5=135\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy...\)
Các câu khác cx cùng dạng tương tự bn tự làm nha!
a, \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{5}\) và a . b . c = 810
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{5}=k\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2k\\b=3k\\c=5k\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà a . b . c = 810
=> 2k . 3k . 5k = 810
=> 30\(k^3\) = 810
=> \(k^3=810:30\)
=> \(k^3=27\)
=> \(k^3=3^3\)
=> k = 3
=> \(a=2.3=6\)
\(b=3.3=9\)
\(c=5.3=15\)
Vậy .....
b, \(\dfrac{a}{4}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{9}\)và a - 3b + 4c = 62
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{4}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{9}=\dfrac{a-3b+4c}{4-3.3+4.9}=\dfrac{62}{31}=2\)
=> \(\dfrac{a}{4}=2\Rightarrow a=8\)
\(\dfrac{b}{3}=2\Rightarrow b=6\)
\(\dfrac{c}{9}=2\Rightarrow c=18\)
Vậy .......
Câu a)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}\geq \frac{9}{a+2b}\) (1)
\(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\geq \frac{9}{b+2c}\)(2)
\(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}\geq \frac{9}{c+2a}\) (3)
Lấy \((1)+2.(2)+3.(3)\) ta có:
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{3}{c}+\frac{3}{a}+\frac{3}{a}\geq 9\left(\frac{1}{a+2b}+\frac{1}{b+2c}+\frac{1}{c+2a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{7}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{7}{c}\geq 9\left(\frac{1}{a+2b}+\frac{1}{b+2c}+\frac{1}{c+2a}\right)\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Câu b)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b}\geq \frac{(1+2)^2}{a+b}=\frac{9}{a+b}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{3a}+\frac{4}{3b}\geq \frac{3}{a+b}(1)\)
\(\frac{1}{3b}+\frac{1}{2c}+\frac{1}{2c}\geq \frac{9}{3b+4c}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{2}{3b}+\frac{2}{c}\geq \frac{18}{3b+4c}\) (2)
\(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{3a}+\frac{1}{3a}\geq \frac{9}{c+6a}\) (3)
Từ (1); (2); (3) cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\geq \frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{18}{3b+4c}+\frac{9}{c+6a}\)
(đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=\frac{b}{2}=\frac{c}{3}\)
Câu c)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\frac{b+c+a}{a}+\frac{2a+c}{b}+\frac{4(a+b)}{a+c}\geq 10\) (*)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c+a}{2a}+\frac{c+a}{2a}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a+c}{2b}+\frac{a+c}{2b}+\frac{a+b}{a+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+c}\)
\(\geq 10\sqrt[10]{\frac{ba(c+a)^4(a+b)^4}{16a^3b^3(a+c)^4}}=10\sqrt[10]{\frac{(a+b)^4}{16a^2b^2}}\)
Theo AM-GM: \((a+b)^2\geq 4ab\Rightarrow (a+b)^4\geq 16a^2b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq 10\sqrt[10]{\frac{(a+b)^4}{16a^2b^2}}\geq 10\)
Vậy (*) được cm. Ta có đpcm. Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{a^3}{2b+3c}+\frac{b^3}{2c+3a}+\frac{c^3}{2a+3b}=\frac{a^4}{2ab+3ac}+\frac{b^4}{2bc+3ba}+\frac{c^4}{2ac+3bc}\)
\(\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{2ab+3ac+2bc+3ba+2ac+3bc}=\frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{5(ab+bc+ac)}\)
Theo hệ quả của BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\geq ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)(ab+bc+ac)}{5(ab+bc+ac)}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{5}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{d}{e}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;b=ck;c=dk;d=ek\)
\(\Rightarrow a=bk=ck^2=dk^3=ek^4;b=ek^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{e}=\dfrac{ek^4}{e}=k^4\left(1\right)\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{d}{e}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^4}{b^4}=\dfrac{b^4}{c^4}=\dfrac{c^4}{d^4}=\dfrac{d^4}{e^4}=\dfrac{2a^4+3b^4+4c^4+5d^4}{2b^4+3c^4+4d^4+5e^4}\left(2\right)\)
Lại có \(\dfrac{a^4}{b^4}=\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^4=\left(\dfrac{ek^4}{ek^3}\right)^4=k^4\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\left(3\right)\RightarrowĐpcm\)
Có \(ab+bc+ac=abc\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\)
Áp dụng các bđt sau:Với x;y;z>0 có: \(\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\) và \(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{a+3b+2c}=\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}\right)\)\(\le\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)
CMTT: \(\dfrac{1}{b+3c+2a}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}+\dfrac{2}{a}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c+3a+2b}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế => \(VT\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{6}{a}+\dfrac{6}{b}+\dfrac{6}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{36}.6\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=3
Có \(a+b=2\Leftrightarrow2\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow ab\le1\)
\(E=\left(3a^2+2b\right)\left(3b^2+2a\right)+5a^2b+5ab^2+2ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+6\left(a^3+b^3\right)+4ab+5ab\left(a+b\right)+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+6\left(a+b\right)^3-18ab\left(a+b\right)+4ab+5ab\left(a+b\right)+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+48-18ab.2+4ab+5.2.ab+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2-2ab+48\)
Đặt \(f\left(ab\right)=9a^2b^2-2ab+48;ab\le1\), đỉnh \(I\left(\dfrac{1}{9};\dfrac{431}{9}\right)\)
Hàm đồng biến trên khoảng \(\left[\dfrac{1}{9};1\right]\backslash\left\{\dfrac{1}{9}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(ab\right)_{max}=55\Leftrightarrow ab=1\)
\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=55\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)
Vậy...
b) Ta có : \(\dfrac{2a}{3}=\dfrac{3b}{4}=\dfrac{4c}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{3}{2}}=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{4}{3}}=\dfrac{c}{\dfrac{5}{4}}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{5}{4}}=\dfrac{49}{\dfrac{49}{12}}=12\)
Khi đó \(a=12.\dfrac{3}{2}=18;b=12.\dfrac{4}{3}=16;c=12.\dfrac{5}{4}=15\)
Vậy (a,b,c) = (18,16,15)