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a) N(x)= -2x3 + 5x2 -12 +2x
M(x)= -x3 + 2,5x2 - 0.5x -1
-
N(x)= -2x3 + 5x2 + 2x - 12
=
A(x)=M(x) - N(x)= x3 - 2,5x2 -2,5x +11
b) M(x) = -x3 + 2,5x2 - 0,5x -1
+
N(x) = -2x3 + 5x2 + 2x -12
=
B(x)= M(x) + N(x) = -3x3 + 7,5x2 + 1,5x -13
⇒ Bậc của B(x) là 6
`M+N= 0,5x^4 -4x^3 +2x-2,5 + 2x^3 +x^2+1,5`
`= 0,5x^4 +(-4x^3+ 2x^3 ) +x^2+2x +(-2,5 +1,5)`
`= 0,5x^4 -2x^3 +x^2+2x -1`
\(M+N=0,5x^4-4x^3+2x-2,5+2x^3+x^2+1,5\)
\(=0,5x^4-4x^3+2x^3+x^2+2x-2,5+1,5\)
\(=0,5x^4-2x^3+x^2+2x-1\)
1)\(\left(4x-10\right)\left(24+5x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(2x-5\right)\left(24+5x\right)=0\)
Vì 2≠0
nên \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-5=0\\24+5x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=5\\5x=-24\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{5}{2}\\x=\frac{-24}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{\frac{5}{2};\frac{-24}{5}\right\}\)
2) \(0,5x\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(2,5x-4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0,5x\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-3\right)\left(2,5x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left[0,5x-\left(2,5x-4\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(0,5x-2,5x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(-2x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(4-2x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\cdot2\cdot\left(2-x\right)=0\)
Vì 2≠0
nên \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\2-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: x∈{2;3}
3) \(4x^2-1=\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x-5\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)-\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left[2x-1-\left(3x-5\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x-1-3x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(4-x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=0\\4-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=-1\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{-1}{2}\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{\frac{-1}{2};4\right\}\)
4) \(\left(2-3x\right)\left(x+11\right)=\left(3x-2\right)\left(2-5x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2-3x\right)\left(x+11\right)-\left(3x-2\right)\left(2-5x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2-3x\right)\left(x+11\right)+\left(2-3x\right)\left(2-5x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2-3x\right)\left(x+11+2-5x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2-3x\right)\left(13-4x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2-3x=0\\13-4x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=2\\4x=13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{2}{3}\\x=\frac{13}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{\frac{2}{3};\frac{13}{4}\right\}\)
`7,`
`a,`
\(M(x) = - 5x ^ 4 + 3x ^ 5 + x(x ^ 2 + 5) + 14x ^ 4 - 6x ^ 5 - x ^ 3 + x - 1 \)
\(M(x)=-5x^4+3x^5+x^3+5x+14x^4-6x^5-x^3+x-1\)
`M(x)=(3x^5-6x^5)+(-5x^4+14x^4)+(x^3-x^3)+(5x+x)-1`
`M(x)=-3x^5+9x^4+6x-1`
\(N(x)=x ^ 4 (x - 5) - 3x ^ 3 + 3x + 2x ^ 5 - 4x ^ 4 + 3x ^ 3 - 5 \)
\(N(x)=x^5-5x^4-3x^3+3x+2x^5-4x^4+3x^3-5\)
`N(x)=(x^5+2x^5)+(-5x^4-4x^4)+(-3x^3+3x^3)+3x-5`
`N(x)=3x^5-9x^4+3x-5`
`b,`
`H(x)=M(x)+N(x)`
\(H(x)=(-3x^5+9x^4+6x-1)+(3x^5-9x^4+3x-5) \)
`H(x)=-3x^5+9x^4+6x-1+3x^5-9x^4+3x-5`
`H(x)=(-3x^5+3x^5)+(9x^4-9x^4)+(6x+3x)+(-1-5)`
`H(x)=9x-6`
`G(x)=M(x)-N(x)`
\(G(x)=(-3x^5+9x^4+6x-1)-(3x^5-9x^4+3x-5)\)
`G(x)=-3x^5+9x^4+6x-1-3x^5+9x^4-3x+5`
`G(x)=(-3x^5-3x^5)+(9x^4+9x^4)+(6x-3x)+(-1+5)`
`G(x)=-6x^5+18x^4+3x+4`
`c,`
`H(x)=9x-6`
Hệ số cao nhất của đa thức: `9`
Hệ số tự do: `-6`
`G(x)=-6x^5+18x^4+3x+4`
Hệ số cao nhất của đa thức: `-6`
Hệ số tự do: `4`
`d,`
`H(-1)=9*(-1)-6=-9-6=-15`
`H(1)=9*1-6=9-6=3`
`G(1)=-6*1^5+18*1^4+3*1+4`
`G(1)=-6+18+3+4=12+3+4=15+4=19`
`G(0)=-6*0^5+18*0^4+3*0+4=4`
`H(-3/2)=9*(-3/2)-6=-27/2-6=-39/2`
`e,`
Đặt `H(x)=9x-6=0`
`-> 9x=0+6`
`-> 9x=6`
`-> x=6 \div 9`
`-> x=2/3`
Vậy, nghiệm của đa thức là `x=2/3.`
Bài 3:
a) Đặt f(x)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Đặt f(x)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-7x+12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 3:
c) Đặt f(x)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=0\)
hay x=-1
d) Đặt f(x)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4=-2\)(Vô lý)